Naresuan the Great
| Naresuan the Great สมเด็จพระนเรศวรมหาราช |
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| King of the Ayutthaya Kingdom | |
Statue of King Naresuan pouring water on the ground, symbolizing declaration of independence from the Burmese Taungoo Empire, at Naresuan University, Phitsanulok province, Thailand
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| King of Siam | |
| Reign | 1 July 1590 – 25 April 1605 |
| Predecessor | Mahathammarachathirat |
| Successor | Ekathotsarot |
| Born | 1555/56 917 CS Chan Palace, Phitsanulok, Sukhothai Kingdom |
| Died | 25 April 1605 (aged 49) Monday, 8th waxing of Sixth Siamese month (Vaisakha) 967 CS |
| Spouse | Chao Khrua Manichan |
| House | Sukhothai Dynasty |
| Father | Mahathammarachathirat |
| Mother | Wisutkasat |
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Phitsanulok History This box contains links to selected |
| Prehistoric Era |
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| Khmer Empire |
| Singhanavati City-State |
| Sukhothai Period |
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Wat Chula Manee · Wat Aranyik |
| Ayutthaya Period |
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Borommatrailokkanat |
| Modern Siam / Thailand |
Naresuan (Thai: นเรศวร) or Sanphet II (Thai: สรรเพชญ์ที่ 2) was the King of the Ayutthaya Kingdom from 1590 and overlord of Lan Na from 1602 until his death in 1605. Naresuan is one of Thailand's most revered monarchs as he is known for his campaigns to free Ayutthaya from the vassalage of the Taungoo Empire. During his reign, numerous wars were fought against Taungoo Burma. Naresuan also welcomed the Dutch.
Prince Naret was born in Phitsanulok in 1555/56. He was the son of King Mahathammarachathirat of Phitsanulok and his queen consort, Wisutkasat. His mother was a daughter of Maha Chakkraphat and queen consort Suriyothai. His father was a Sukhothai noble who had defeated Worawongsathirat in 1548 and put Maha Chakkraphat on the throne. Prince Naret, also known as the "Black Prince" (Thai: พระองค์ดำ), had a younger brother Ekathotsarot, known as the "White Prince", and an elder sister, Suphankanlaya.
In the second siege of Ayutthaya (1563–64), King Bayinnaung of the Taungoo Dynasty of Bago, Burma (formerly known in Burmese as Hanthawaddy (Burmese: ဟံသာဝတီ and in Thai as rtgs: Hongsawadi หงสาวดี) led massive armies, invading the country and laying siege to Phitsanulok. Maha Thammarachathirat came to believe that the city would not be able to withstand a long siege due to a scarcity of food and a smallpox outbreak, so he surrendered the city. King Bayinnaung took Phitsanulok and Ayutthaya, and made Siam a Burmese tributary state. He required Maha Thammarachathirat to send his son—the Black Prince—to Bago as a hostage to ensure the king's fidelity.
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