Nagorno-Karabakh line of contact

The Nagorno-Karabakh line of contact (Armenian: շփման գիծ, shp’man gits, Azerbaijani: təmas xətti) is the militarized area that has separated the Armenian forces (namely the Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army) and the Azerbaijan Armed Forces since the that ended the Nagorno-Karabakh War (1988–94). It has been described as "heavily fortified," "a heavily-mined no-man's-land," and a "buffer zone of trenches." According to Thomas de Waal it is the "most militarised zone in the wider Europe," and one of the three most militarized zones in the world (along with Kashmir and North Korea). De Waal described it as a "fearsome scar on the map, more than 200 km long, with World-War-I-style trenches on either side, bristling with heavy weaponry." Gerard Toal and John O'Loughlin wrote in the Washington Post that the line of contact "features World War I-style trenches on both sides, in some places three rows deep."

There have been occasional violations of the ceasefire, usually characterized by low-intensity fighting. The most deadly of these occurred in April 2016.

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