Mouth of the Aguapeí Private Natural Heritage Reserve

Mouth of the Aguapeí Private Natural Heritage Reserve
Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Foz do Aguapeí
IUCN category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources)
Nearest city	Castilho, São Paulo
Coordinates	21°03′51″S 51°45′24″W / 21.064217°S 51.756534°W / -21.064217; -51.756534Coordinates: 21°03′51″S 51°45′24″W / 21.064217°S 51.756534°W / -21.064217; -51.756534
Area	8,885.33 hectares (21,956.1 acres)
Designation	Private natural heritage reserve
Created	19 December 2010
Administrator	CESP

The Mouth of the Aguapeí Private Natural Heritage Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Foz do Aguapeí) is a private natural heritage reserve in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It protects an area of marshland known as the "Pantanal of São Paulo" where the Aguapeí River enters the Paraná River.

The Mouth of the Aguapeí Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN) is divided between the municipalities of Castilho, São João do Pau d'Alho and Pauliceia in the state of São Paulo. It has an area of 8,885.33 hectares (21,956.1 acres). It is located at the mouth of the Aguapeí River on the Paraná River, and the Ilha Comprida. It forms a continuous protected area with the Aguapeí State Park, which is part of the environmental compensation for the Eng Sérgio Motta Dam.

The reserve protects one of the last naturally flooded areas of the state, home to marsh deer and other species typical of this environment. It should reduce sand and clay mining, and strengthen enforcement against hunting the deer for sale of antlers or stuffed heads. The reserve supports environmental education and research.

The reserve is covered by secondary growth of seasonal semi-deciduous forest, arboreal/shrub/herbaceous formations in the várzea areas, and areas of riparian palms. Vegetation includes the vulnerable Euterpe edulis (Jussara palmito). Vulnerable, threatened or endangered fauna include horned screamer (Anhima cornuta), wood stork (Mycteria americana), black-collared hawk (Busarellus nigricollis), jabiru (Jabiru mycteria), American pygmy kingfisher (Chloroceryle aenea), (Ramphastos toco), blue-and-yellow macaw (Ara ararauna) and South American tapir (Tapirus terrestris).