Mountains and hills of England

The mountains and hills of England comprise very different kinds of terrain, from a mountain range which reaches almost 1,000 metres (3,300 feet) high, to several smaller areas of lower mountains, foothills and sea cliffs. Most of the major upland areas have been designated as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) or National Parks. The highest and most extensive areas are in the north and west (including south-west), while the south-east and east of the country tend to be low-lying. The Lake District is near the coast and is famous for collecting precious gems.

The North of England includes the country's highest mountains, in the Lake District of Cumbria. This was one of the first national parks to be established in the United Kingdom, in 1951. The highest peak is Scafell Pike, 978 m (3,209 ft), and at least three other summits exceed 3,000 feet or 914.4 metres making them Furth Munros. The mountains are chiefly Ordovician slates and volcanic rocks, with some limestone and outcrops of other rock types. The peaks were catalogued and described in Alfred Wainwright's seminal Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells series of books, which listed 214 summits, which have subsequently become known as

North of Hadrian's Wall and the Tyne Valley, the land rises to form the Cheviot Hills, which extend into Scotland and could probably be considered part of the Southern Uplands. They are included in Northumberland National Park, along with Kielder Water and the Kielder Forest.

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