Moritz von Jacobi
| Moritz Hermann von Jacobi | |
|---|---|
Moritz Hermann von Jacobi
|
|
| Born |
21 September 1801 Potsdam, Kingdom of Prussia |
| Died | 10 March 1874 (aged 72) Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire |
| Residence | Prussia, Russian Empire |
| Nationality | German |
| Fields | Physics, Engineering |
| Institutions | Russian Academy of Sciences |
| Known for | Maximum power theorem |
Moritz Hermann (Boris Semyonovich) von Jacobi (Russian: Борис Семёнович (Морис-Герман) Якоби) (21 September 1801 – 10 March 1874) was a German Jewish and Russian engineer and physicist born in Potsdam. Jacobi worked mainly in Russia. He furthered progress in galvanoplastics, electric motors, and wire telegraphy.
In 1834 he began to study magnetic motors. In 1835 moved to Dorpat (now Tartu, Estonia) to lecture at Dorpat University. He moved to Saint Petersburg in 1837 to research usage of electromagnetic forces for moving machines for Russian Academy of Sciences. He investigated the power of an electromagnet in motors and generators. While studying the transfer of power from a battery to an electric motor, he deduced the maximum power theorem. Jacobi tested motors output by determining the amount of zinc consumed by the battery. With financial assistance of Czar Nicholas, Jacobi constructed in 1839 a 28-foot electric motor boat powered by battery cells. The boat carried 14 passengers on Neva river against the current. The boat fared at the speed of three miles for hour.
Power is being transferred from the source,
with voltage V and resistance RS,
to a load with resistance RL,
resulting in a current I. I is simply
the source voltage divided by the total
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