Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen (3 December 1760, Giessen – 30 November 1806, Darmstadt) was a German naturalist and forester. He took part in the production of "Teutsche Ornithologie oder Naturgeschichte aller Vögel Teutschlands in naturgetreuen Abbildungen und Beschreibungen" by Johann Conrad Susemihl.
He received his education in Giessen, and in 1796 started work as an assessor at the forestry office in Darmstadt. In 1800 he attained the title of Kammerrat, followed by a role as counselor at the Oberforsthaus Collegium in 1804.
As a botanist, he was the taxonomic author of Alliaceae and Asclepiadaceae as well as the circumscriber of numerous plant genera and species.