Mohammed Alim Khan
| Said Mir Mohammed Alim Khan | |
|---|---|
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Alim Khan, photographed by Prokudin-Gorskii in 1911
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| Emir of Bukhara | |
| Reign | 3 January 1911 – 30 August 1920 |
| Predecessor |
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| Successor | Monarchy Abolished by Red Army invasion. Territory taken over by the Soviet Union |
| Born |
3 January 1880 Bukhara, Emirate of Bukhara (Present day Uzbekistan) |
| Died | 28 April 1944 (aged 64) Kabul, Afghanistan |
| House | Manghud Dynasty |
Emir Said Mir Mohammed Alim Khan (Uzbek: Said Mir Muhammad Olimxon, 3 January 1880 – 28 April 1944) was the last emir representative of the Uzbek dynasty of Turkic of the Manghud, the last ruling dynasty of the Emirate of Bukhara in Central Asia. Although Bukhara was a protectorate of the Russian Empire from 1873, the Emir presided over the internal affairs of his emirate as absolute monarch and reigned from 3 January 1911 to 30 August 1920.
At the age of thirteen, Alim Khan was sent by his father Emir Abdulahad Khan to Saint Petersburg for three years to study government and modern military techniques. In 1896, having received formal confirmation as Crown Prince of Bukhara by the Russian government, he returned home.
After two years in Bukhara assisting in his father's administration, he was appointed governor of Nasef region for the next twelve years. He was then transferred to the northern province of Karmana, which he ruled for another two years, until receiving word in 1910 of his father's death.
Alim Khan's rule began with promise. Initially, he declared that he would no longer expect or accept any gifts, and prohibited his officials from demanding bribes from the public, or imposing taxes on their own authority. However, as time went by the Emir's attitude towards bribes, taxes, and state salaries changed. The conflict between the traditionalists and the reformists ended with the traditionalists in control, and the reformers in exile in Moscow or Kazan. It is thought that Alim Khan, who initially favored modernization and the reformists, realised that their eventual goals included no place for either him or his descendants as rulers. Like his predecessors, Alim Khan was a traditional ruler. He toyed with the idea of reform as a tool to keep the clergy in line, and only as long as he saw the possibility of using it to strengthen Manghud rule.
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