Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa
Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa in 2011.
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 Location of Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa in California
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| Location | 728 Monterey St. San Luis Obispo, California 93401 |
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| Coordinates | 35°16′50.5344″N 120°39′52.3506″W / 35.280704000°N 120.664541833°WCoordinates: 35°16′50.5344″N 120°39′52.3506″W / 35.280704000°N 120.664541833°W |
| Name as founded | La Misión de San Luis Obispo de Tolosa |
| English translation | The Mission of Saint Louis Bishop of Toulouse |
| Patron | Saint Louis of Anjou, Bishop of Toulouse, France |
| Nickname(s) | "Prince of the Missions" "Mission in the Valley of Bears" "The Accidental Mission" |
| Founding date | September 1, 1772 |
| Founding priest(s) | Father Presidente Junípero Serra |
| Founding Order | Fifth |
| Military district | Third |
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Native tribe(s) Spanish name(s) |
Chumash Obispeño |
| Baptisms | 2,644 |
| Marriages | 763 |
| Burials | 2,268 |
| Governing body | Roman Catholic Diocese of Monterey |
| Current use | Parish Church / Museum |
| Reference no. | 325 |
| Website | |
| http://www.missionsanluisobispo.org | |
Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa is a Spanish mission founded in 1772 by Father Junípero Serra in the present-day city of San Luis Obispo, California. Named after Saint Louis of Anjou, the bishop of Toulouse, the mission is the namesake of the city of San Luis Obispo and San Luis Obispo County.
The Mission church of San Luis Obispo is unusual in its design in that its combination of belfry and vestibule is found nowhere else among the California missions. The main nave is short and narrow (as is the case with other mission churches), but at San Luis Obispo there is a secondary nave of almost equal size situated to the right of the altar, making this the only "L"-shaped mission church among all of the California missions. The mission church today is a parish church of the Diocese of Monterey.
In the year 1769, a Spanish Expedition led by Gaspar de Portolà, on a journey north from San Diego to find the Bay of Monterey described in 1602 by Sebastian Vizcaino, became the first Europeans to see the San Luis Obispo area. Expedition diarist and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí wrote that the soldiers called the place la Cañada de los Osos ("Valley of the Bears"). Portola followed the same route the following year, on his way to establish the Presidio of Monterey. Missionary president Junípero Serra, traveling by sea, met the Portola party there and founded Carmel Mission.
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