Mirza Sauda

Mirza Muhammad Rafi 'Sauda' (1713–1781) (Urdu: مرزا محمد رفیع سودا ) was an Urdu poet in Delhi, India. He is known for his Ghazals and Urdu Qasidas.

He was born in 1713 in Shahjahanabad (i.e. Old Delhi), where he was also brought up. At the age of 60 or 66, he moved to Farrukhabad (with Nawab Bangash), and lived there from 1757 to about 1770. In A.H. 1185 [1771–72] he moved to court of Nawab of Awadh (then in Faizabad) and remained there till his death. When Lucknow became state capital, he came there with Nawab Shujauddaula.

He died in A.H. 1195 [1780–81] in Lucknow.

Sulaimān Qulī Ḳhān 'Vidād' and Shāh Ḥātim were his Ustads (teachers of Urdu poetry). King Shah Alam was Shagird (student of Urdu poetry) of Sauda. He was also Ustad of Shujauddaulla. Nawab Āṣif ud-Daulah gave him title of Malkushshu'ara and annual pension of Rs 6,000.

Initially he composed in Persian, but switched to Urdu on the advice of his ustad, Ḳhān-e Ārzū. His work was translated in 1872 by Major Henry Court, Captain, Bengal Cavalry.Kulliyat of Sauda was compiled by Ḥakīm Sayyid Aṣlaḥ. ud-Dīn Ḳhān wrote the introduction. List of Sauda's work from his Kulliyat are:

1.

jo guzre said ke dil par use shahbaaz kya samajhe

2.

apana hii tu farefta howe, kh.uda kare

3.

shama ka aks uske aariz par kalaf hai maah kaa

4.

hoke shola hii bujhe hai ye sharaar aakh.irkaar

5.

pahar kaTne lage unbin jinhon bin kaaTtii gharDiyaan

6.

ki is par roz-o-shab mein saikarDo charDhte-utarate hain

7.

main mausam-e-bahaar mein shaakh.-e-bareeda hoon

giriyaan na shakl-e-sheesha wa kh.anda na tarz-e-jaam
is maikade ke beech abas aafreeda hoon

8.

phir gaye dekh ke muMh kh.anzar-e-mizgaan mujhko

9.

ham apna hii dam aur qadam dekhte hain

10.

le charag ab DhooMrDhe hai waan ta-sehar islaam ko

11.

jo aab-e-chaah ka qatra hai wo gauhar nahiin hota

talaash-e-khijr bahr-e-manzil-e-maqsad na kar Sauda
koii khudraftagii se raahbar behtar nahiin hota

...
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