Milingimbi

Milingimbi Island also Yurruwi is the largest island of the Crocodile Islands group off the coast of Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia.

Milingimbi lies approximately 440 kilometres (270 mi) east of Darwin and 200 kilometres (120 mi) west of Nhulunbuy.

Aboriginal people have occupied this area for more than 40,000 years. A settlement was established on the island in 1923 by the Methodist Overseas Mission. The Mission attracted aboriginal people from eastern clan groups to the island. These included Gupapuyŋu and Djambarrpuyŋu, as well as Wangurri and Warramirri speaking people. The traditional owners of Milingimbi and the surrounding seas and islands are Yan-nhangu speaking Yolngu Matha people. The island was bombed by the Japanese during World War II and most of its population moved to nearby Elcho Island. After the war, the Island was used as Royal Australian Air Force base, before the missionaries returned in 1951. The Mission continued to administer the island until 1974 when administration was transferred to Milingimbi Community Incorporated. In 2008 Milingimbi became part of the East Arnhem Shire Council and the shire took over local government.

English is a second, third or fourth language for most Aboriginal residents of Milingimbi. A successful Bilingual program of the Milingimbi CEC, started in 1974, was stopped. Bilingual education is still continued on some of the surrounding outstations by traditional owners concerned to support the linguistic, cultural and biological diversity of the Crocodile Islands. To this end the Yan-nhangu traditional owners have started the volunteer Crocodile Islands Rangers project to promote sustainable livelihood activities for local people in local languages.

The Island has its own airfield, Milingimbi Airport, with the airport call-sign YMGB. Milingimbi is the site of a Bureau of Meteorology weather station. The Island also has its own ALPA (Arnhem Land Progress Aboriginal Corporation) store and post office, along with an art gallery.

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