Mileva Einstein
| Mileva Marić Милева Марић |
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|---|---|
Mileva Marić 1896
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| Born |
December 19, 1875 Titel, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Modern day Serbia |
| Died | August 4, 1948 (aged 72) Zürich, Switzerland |
| Resting place | Friedhof Nordheim, Zürich, Switzerland |
| Other names | Mileva Marić-Einstein, Mileva Marić-Ajnštajn |
| Alma mater | Eidgenössisches Polytechnikum (known today as the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule) |
| Occupation | Physicist |
| Spouse(s) | Albert Einstein (m. 1903; div. 1919) |
| Children |
"Lieserl" Einstein Hans Albert Einstein Eduard "Tete" Einstein |
| Parent(s) | Miloš Marić Marija Ružić-Marić |
Mileva Marić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милева Марић; December 19, 1875 – August 4, 1948), sometimes called Mileva Marić-Einstein or Mileva Marić-Ajnštajn, was a Serbian physicist. She was the only woman among Albert Einstein's fellow students at Zürich's Polytechnic and was the second woman to finish a full program of study at the Department of Mathematics and Physics. Marić and Einstein were lovers and had a daughter Lieserl in 1902; the daughter died in 1903 before their marriage later that year. They later had two sons, Hans Albert and Eduard.
They separated in 1914, with Marić taking the boys and returning to Zurich from Berlin. They divorced in 1919; that year Einstein married again. When he received the Nobel Prize in 1921, he transferred the money to Marić, chiefly to support their sons; she had access to the interest. In 1930 at about age 20, their second son Eduard had a breakdown and was diagnosed with schizophrenia. With expenses mounting by the late 1930s for his institutional care, Marić sold two of the three houses she and Einstein had invested in. He made regular contributions to his sons' care, which he continued after emigrating to the United States with his second wife (Elsa, his first cousin).
On December 19, 1875, Mileva Marić was born into a wealthy family in Titel in the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (today Serbia) as the eldest of three children of Miloš Marić (1846–1922) and Marija Ružić–Marić (1847–1935). Shortly after her birth, her father ended his military career and took a job at the court in Ruma and later in Zagreb.
She began her secondary education in 1886 at a high school for girls in Novi Sad, but changed the following year to a high school in Sremska Mitrovica. Beginning in 1890, Marić attended the Royal Serbian Grammar School in Šabac. In 1891 her father obtained special permission to enroll Marić as a private student at the all-male Royal Classical High School in Zagreb. She passed the entrance exam and entered the tenth grade in 1892. She won special permission to attend physics lectures in February 1894 and passed the final exams in September 1894. Her grades in mathematics and physics were the highest awarded. That year she fell seriously ill and decided to move to Switzerland, where on November 14, she started at the "Girls High School" in Zurich. In 1896, Marić passed her Matura-Exam, and started studying medicine at the University of Zurich for one semester.
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