Paludo began racing go karts at the age of 14, and in 2004, moved up to touring car racing in a regional Brazilian series, competing for his family-owned team with his brother Daniel. He competed for several years in regional and national series in Brazil, most successfully in the Porsche GT3 Cup Brasil, where he won back-to-back series championships in 2008 and 2009.

Paludo began his NASCAR career in 2010, competing in the K&N Pro Series East in a car fielded by Hattori Racing Enterprises. He finished fifteenth in the series standings that year, with a best finish of fourth. He also made his debut in the Camping World Truck Series, competing for Germain Racing and Red Horse Racing in four races. He finished ninth in his first race in the series, at Bristol Motor Speedway, widely regarded as a difficult track for rookie drivers.

In 2011, he ran full-time in the Camping World Truck Series for Red Horse Racing, with a best finish of third; he ended the season finishing seventeenth in the points standings and fourth in the series' Rookie-of-the-Year competition.

Following the end of the 2011 season, Paludo left Red Horse Racing to drive for Turner Scott Motorsports in the No. 32 truck with teammates James Buescher and countryman Nelson Piquet, Jr.. Paludo started off the season with a pole in the season-opener at Daytona International Speedway, where he was the first Brazilian to win a pole in one of NASCAR's top-three series, and alongside Piquet Jr., comprised the first all-Brazilian front row in the history of NASCAR. Paludo's best finish of the season (fifth) came in the season finale at Homestead-Miami Speedway, and he ultimately finished 10th in the NCWTS driver point standings, his best points position to date. Additionally, Paludo ran two NASCAR Nationwide Series races in 2012, competing at Road America and Watkins Glen International, in the latter of which he earned his best NNS finish of 13th.

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