Mercury sulfide
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| Names | |
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IUPAC name
Mercury sulfide
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| Other names | |
| Identifiers | |
1344-48-5 
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.014.270 |
| PubChem | 62402 |
| Properties | |
| HgS | |
| Molar mass | 232.66 g/mol |
| Density | 8.10 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 580 °C (1,076 °F; 853 K) decomposes |
| insoluble | |
| Band gap | 2.1 eV (direct, α-HgS) |
| −55.4·10−6 cm3/mol | |
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Refractive index (nD)
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w=2.905, e=3.256, bire=0.3510 (α-HgS) |
| Thermochemistry | |
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Std molar
entropy (S |
78 J·mol−1·K−1 |
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Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH |
−58 kJ·mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | ICSC 0981 |
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EU classification (DSD)
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Very toxic (T+) Dangerous for the environment (N) |
| R-phrases | R26/27/28, R33, R50/53 |
| S-phrases | (S1/2), S13, S28, S45, S60, S61 |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
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Other anions
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Mercury oxide Mercury selenide Mercury telluride |
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Other cations
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Zinc sulfide Cadmium sulfide |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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 (what is  ?) |
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| Infobox references | |
Mercury sulfide, mercuric sulfide, mercury sulphide, or mercury(II) sulfide is a chemical compound composed of the chemical elements mercury and sulfur. It is represented by the chemical formula HgS. It is virtually insoluble in water.
HgS is dimorphic with two crystal forms:
Crystals of red, α-HgS, are optically active. This is caused by the Hg-S helices in the structure.
β-HgS is precipitated as a black powder when H2S is bubbled through solutions of Hg(II) salts. β-HgS is unreactive to all but concentrated acids.
Mercury metal is produced from the cinnabar ore by roasting in air and condensing the vapour.
When α-HgS is used as a red pigment, it is known as vermilion. The tendency of vermilion to darken has been ascribed to conversion from red α-HgS to black β-HgS. However β-HgS was not detected at excavations in Pompeii, where originally red walls darkened, and was attributed to the formation of Hg-Cl compounds (e.g., corderoite, calomel, and terlinguaite) and calcium sulfate, gypsum.
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