Mercedes-Benz W18

Mercedes-Benz W18
Mercedes-Benz 290 "Cabriolet B" (ca 1934)
Overview
Manufacturer	Mercedes-Benz
Also called	Mercedes-Benz Typ 290
Production	1933–1937 7,495 cars
Assembly	Stuttgart, Germany
Body and chassis
Class	Luxury car
Body style	Shorter chassis 1933 – 1937: 4-door "Limousine" (sedan/saloon) with 6 side windows Torpedo-bodied 4-door “Tourenwagen” 2 & 4-door Cabriolets (various) Longer chassis 1934 – 1937: 4-door "Limousine" (sedan/saloon) with 4 side windows 4-door 6-seater "Pullman-Limousine" (sedan/saloon) with 6 side windows Torpedo-bodied 4-door 6-seater “Tourenwagen” 2 & 4-door Cabriolets (various) Roadster (from 1936)
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	2,867 cc Inline-six engine
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,880 mm (113 in) or 3,300 mm (130 in)
Length	4,370 mm (172 in) or 4,870 mm (192 in)
Width	1,730 mm (68 in)
Height	1,440 mm (57 in) - 1,660 mm (65 in)

The Mercedes-Benz W18 was a six-cylinder automobile introduced as the Mercedes-Benz Typ 290 in 1933. It was a smaller-engined successor to the manufacturer’s Typ 350 / 370 Mannheim model. In terms of the German auto-business of the 1930s it occupied a market position roughly equivalent to that filled by the Mercedes-Benz E-Class in the closing decades of the twentieth century. The W18 was replaced in 1937 by the manufacturer’s W142 (Typ 320).

Several different models with names incorporating the number “290” were produced by Mercedes-Benz during the 1930s, so that for the avoidance of ambiguity the car is frequently identified using the manufacturer's Works Number as the Mercedes-Benz W18.

The six-cylinder 2,867 cc side-valve engine produced a maximum output of 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp) at 3,200 rpm. In 1935 the compression ratio was increased along with maximum power which was now given as 68 PS (50 kW; 67 hp). Power was delivered to the rear wheels via a four-speed manual transmission with synchromesh on the top two ratios. On standard-bodied cars, the 1:1 ratio was achieved with third gear, leaving the fourth ratio as an “overdrive” ratio. The rear wheels were attached to a swing axle while at the front a lateral leaf spring was complemented by a pair of coil springs. The footbrake applied stopping power to all four wheels via a hydraulic control mechanism.

The shorter cars sat on a 2,880 mm (113 in) wheelbase. The bodies closely resembled those fitted on the Typ 200 (W21) models of the same period, although the bodies fitted on the Typ 290s were actually a little larger. A car fitted with the least expensive of the standard W18 bodies, which was a 4-seat six-light “Limousine” (sedan/saloon), was listed by the manufacturer at 7,950 Marks. A four-door Torpedo-bodied 4-door “Tourenwagen” was priced at 9,500 Marks, and there were also, from the start, no fewer than three different standard cabriolet bodies with two or four doors and between two and four seats, designated as the “Cabriolet B”, the “Cabriolet C” and the “Cabriolet D”. In 1936 these were joined by a fourth, more sporting, “Cabriolet A” which was 190 mm (7.5 in) lower than the other standard-bodied cars.

The manufacturer also made the W18 available in bare chassis form for customers preferring to specify a bespoke body from an independent coachbuilder. In addition a significant number of quasi-Jeep military Kübelwagen were produced based on the same chassis and mechanical components.