Meng Chang
| Meng Chang / Meng Renzan | |||||||||||||||||
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| "Last Ruler" of Later Shu (more...) | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd and last emperor of Later Shu | |||||||||||||||||
| Reign | September 10, 934 – February 23, 965 | ||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Meng Zhixiang (Emperor Gaozu), father | ||||||||||||||||
| Born | 919 Taiyuan |
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| Died | July 12, 965 modern Kaifeng, Henan |
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| Spouse | Consort Xu (Madame Huarui) | ||||||||||||||||
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| Father | Meng Zhixiang | ||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Empress Dowager Li | ||||||||||||||||
| Full name | |
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Surname: Mèng () Given name: Rénzàn (), later changed to Chǎng () Courtesy name: Bǎoyuán () |
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| Era dates | |
| Míngdé (), continued from Emperor Gaozu Year 1: 18 January 934 – 5 February 935 Year 2: 6 February 935 – 26 January 936 Year 3: 27 January 936 – 12 February 937 Year 4: 13 February 937 – 1 February 938 Guǎngzhèng (), Year 1: 2 February 938 – 22 January 939 Year 2: 23 January 939 – 10 February 940 Year 3: 11 February 940 – 29 January 941 Year 4: 30 January 941 – 19 January 942 Year 5: 20 January 942 – 7 February 943 Year 6: 8 February 943 – 27 January 944 Year 7: 28 January 944 – 14 February 945 Year 8: 15 February 945 – 4 February 946 Year 9: 5 February 946 – 24 January 947 Year 10: 25 January 947 – 12 February 948 Year 11: 13 February 948 – 31 January 949 Year 12: 1 February 949 – 20 January 950 Year 13: 21 January 950 – 8 February 951 Year 14: 9 February 951 – 29 January 952 Year 15: 30 January 952 – 17 January 953 Year 16: 18 January 953 – 5 February 954 Year 17: 6 February 954 – 26 January 955 Year 18: 27 January 955 – 14 February 956 Year 19: 15 February 956 – 2 February 957 Year 20: 3 February 957 – 22 January 958 Year 21: 23 January 958 – 10 February 959 Year 22: 11 February 959 – 30 January 960 Year 23: 31 January 960 – 19 January 961 Year 24: 20 January 961 – 7 February 962 Year 25: 8 February 962 – 27 January 963 Year 26: 28 January 963 – 15 February 964 Year 27: 16 February 964 – 4 February 965 Year 28: 5 February 965 – 24 January 966 |
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| Regnal name | |
| Emperor Ruìwén Yīngwǔ Rénshèng Míngxiào () | |
| Posthumous name | |
| Prince Gongxiao of Chu (楚恭孝王) |
Meng Chang (孟昶) (919–965), originally Meng Renzan (孟仁贊), courtesy name Baoyuan (保元), formally Prince Gongxiao of Chu (楚恭孝王) (as posthumously honored by Emperor Taizu of Song), was the second emperor of Later Shu during imperial China's Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He ruled from 934 until 965, when his state was conquered by the Song Dynasty. He died soon afterwards.
Meng ruled largely peacefully for three decades. The Later Shu became one of the centers for the arts and literature, where it flourished with support from the court. An anthology of lyric poetry known as the Amidst the Flowers Anthology was compiled in 940. It was also among the most stable of the southern kingdoms, but it also stagnated militarily and politically. When the Song Dynasty replaced the Later Zhou, the last of the Five Dynasties, in 960, Song's founding emperor Emperor Taizu of Song made it his mission to reunify the realm. Song forces forced Meng Chang to surrender in 965 on the road to the reunification of most of China.
Meng Renzan was born in 919, in Taiyuan. His father Meng Zhixiang was then an officer under Li Cunxu the Prince of Jin, and had married Li Cunxu's cousin as his wife. Meng Renzan, however, was not born of her, but rather of a different Lady Li — one who had previously been a concubine of Li Cunxu's, but whom Li Cunxu had awarded to Meng Zhixiang as a concubine. He was Meng Zhixiang's fifth son but the third to grow up.
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