Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono

Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono (20 January 1924 – 1 October 1965) was a general officer in the Indonesian Army who was killed during an attempt to kidnap him from his home by members of the 30 September Movement in the early hours of October 1, 1965.

Harjono was born in Indonesia's second largest city, Surabaya, East Java. He was fortunate enough to obtain a standard of education denied to most of his peers, attending an elementary school for European children and then high school in Dutch-occupied Indonesia. When the Japanese invaded, he was sent to a Japanese medical school in Jakarta, but did not graduate.

Haryono was in Jakarta when Indonesia declared independence. Like many Indonesian youths, Haryono joined other youths to fight the Dutch, then joined the TKR, the forerunner of the Indonesian Army. Due to his superior education, he was made a major. His command of Dutch, English and German meant he was in demand during negotiations between Indonesia and the colonial forces. On September 1, 1945, he was appointed head of the communications office in Jakarta. In 1946, he was made secretary to the Indonesian delegation in the negotiations with the Dutch and the British. In November 1949, he also served as the secretary of the disarming section of the defense commission at the Dutch-Indonesian Round Table Conference, at which the Dutch agreed to transfer sovereignty to Indonesia. He returned to the Netherlands in July 1950 as military attaché to the Indonesian embassy in the Hague, then on his return to Indonesia in October 1954, he joined the Army General Staff as Army Quartermaster. From August 1962 to 1964 he was Army Inspector general, and in 1963 was also appointed head of the Strategic Materials Section of the Supreme Operational Command (KOTI). His final position, which he took up on July 1, 1964, was third deputy to Army chief of staff Lieutenant General Ahmad Yani.

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