Kapedan Marka Gjoni |
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Born | 1861 Orosh, Mirdita, Ottoman Empire (present-day Albania) |
Died | 1925 |
Occupation | Clan chief |
Title | Kapedan of the Mirdita clan |
Predecessor | Prenk Bib Doda |
Successor | Gjon Markagjoni |
Kapedan Marka Gjoni (1861-1925) was the chieftain of the Mirdita region and tribe in North Albania. He was born in Orosh. He was assigned as Kaymakam of Mirdita by the Ottoman Empire during the absence of Prenk Bibë Doda who was interned in Anatolia due to his participation in the Albanian League of Prizren.
With the death of Prenk Bib Doda, who had no male heirs, the Gjonmarkaj lineage passed to Marka Gjoni. Marka Gjoni's initial attempt to claim the title Kapedan was fraught with difficulties because many of the leaders of the Mirdita refused to recognise him but in time he earned their respect. In 1889 alongside Mons. Doci of Orosh, and at the request of some Catholics in Shkodra, Kapedan Marka Gjoni convinced the Monsignor to conduct the first mass at the church of Our Lady of Shkodra in Bachallek, which had remained closed since Shkodra fell in the hands of the Turks in 1479. Thus on April 26, 1889, exactly 410 years later, Mons. Doci administered the first Holy Mass. It was a very important and historical event and to this day a Mass is held on April 26 at the church in honor of Our Lady of Shkodra. In 1896 Marka Gjoni's younger brother Ded Gjoni was killed by Turkish soldiers on his way to Orosh. This event began a down spiral for the House. The following year in 1897 Marka Gjoni was summoned to Shkodra by the Governor under false pretense. There he was caught and put on a ferry to Istanbul. From there he was sent to Mosul, Iraq where he was exiled for 5 years. After the 5 years with help of some nuns Marka Gjoni was able to escape his exile dressed as a pilgrim, wearing a beard and pulling a donkey, which was bought for that purpose. He infiltrated a caravan of Bedouins and set off to Mecca, alleging to be a pilgrim. A few weeks later the journey changed direction and headed to the Russian border, where he convinced the guards that he was not a Bedouin but a Catholic Albanian who escaped from exile in Mosul. From there he went to Odessa and bordered a Russian ferry to the port of Bulgaria. He ultimately made his way back to Orosh where he was welcomed with open arms by the tribes, glad that their Kapedan had returned. In 1921, with financial from Belgrade, Marka Gjoni rebelled against the Albanian government and proclaimed Mirdita independent. This so called republic of Mirdita, was supported by Serbia and Greece, but was swiftly put down by the albanian government on 20 November 1921. Marka Gjoni was forced to flee to Yugoslavia, thought he later returned to Albania and was active in Mirdita until his death.