Margaret Bondfield

The Right Honourable Margaret Bondfield CH PC
Margaret Bondfield in 1919
Minister of Labour
In office 8 June 1929 – 24 August 1931
Prime Minister	Ramsay MacDonald
Preceded by	Sir Arthur Steel-Maitland
Succeeded by	Sir Henry Betterton
Member of Parliament for Wallsend
In office 21 July 1926 – 27 October 1931
Preceded by	Sir Patrick Hastings
Succeeded by	Irene Ward
Member of Parliament for Northampton
In office 6 December 1923 – 29 October 1924
Preceded by	Charles McCurdy
Succeeded by	Arthur Holland
Personal details
Born	Margaret Grace Bondfield 17 March 1873 Chard, Somerset, England
Died	16 June 1953 (aged 80) Sanderstead, Surrey
Nationality	British
Political party	Labour

Margaret Grace Bondfield CH PC (17 March 1873 – 16 June 1953) was a British Labour politician, trades unionist and women's rights activist. She became the first female cabinet minister, and the first woman to be a privy counsellor in the UK, when she was appointed Minister of Labour in the Labour government of 1929–31. She had earlier become the first woman to chair the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC).

Bondfield was born in humble circumstances and received limited formal education. After serving an apprenticeship to an embroidress she worked as a shop assistant in Brighton and London. She was shocked by the working conditions of shop staff, particularly within the "living-in" system, and became an active member of the shopworkers' union. She began to move in socialist circles, and in 1898 was appointed assistant secretary of the National Union of Shop Assistants, Warehousemen, and Clerks (NAUSAWC). She was later prominent in several women's socialist movements: she helped to found the Women's Labour League (WLL) in 1906, and was chair of the Adult Suffrage Society. Her standpoint on women's suffrage—she favoured extending the vote to all adults regardless of gender or property, rather than the limited "on the same terms as men" agenda pursued by the militant suffragists—divided her from the militant leadership.

After leaving her union post in 1908 Bondfield worked as organising secretary for the WLL and later as women's officer for the National Union of General and Municipal Workers (NUGMW). She was elected to the TUC Council in 1918, and became its chairman in 1923, the year she was first elected to parliament. In the short-lived minority Labour government of 1924 she served as parliamentary secretary in the Ministry of Labour. Her term of cabinet office in 1929–31 was marked by the economic crises that beset the second Labour government. Her willingness to contemplate cuts in unemployment benefits alienated her from much of the Labour movement, although she did not follow Ramsay MacDonald into the National Government that assumed office when the Labour government fell in August 1931.