Malay Nationalist Party
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Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya
Malay Nationalist Party PKMM |
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| Abbreviation | PKMM |
| Founded | 17 October 1945 |
| Dissolved | 1948 |
| Ideology |
Left-wing nationalism Malay Left |
| Political position | Left-wing |
| Colours | Red, white |
Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya (PKMM) (also known as the Malay Nationalist Party) was founded on 17 October 1945 in Ipoh, Perak. The party was the first Malay political party formed after the Japanese occupation of Malaya.
The main goal of the PKMM was to achieve full independence for Malaya and to oppose any form of British colonial rule. The five principles adopted by the PKMM were a belief in God, nationalism, sovereignty of the people, universal brotherhood and social justice. These principles mirrored the Pancasila of Indonesian nationalism and many of the PKMM activists were influenced by nationalist developments in Indonesia and sought for the unification of Indonesian and Malay nationalist struggles in an Indonesia Raya.
In response to British proposals for a Federation of Malaya, PKMM, as a member of PUTERA, formed an alliance with other predominantly non-Malay political groups organized under the All-Malayan Council of Joint Action, forming the AMCJA-PUTERA coalition. Together they formulated the People's Constitutional Proposals, calling for a common citizenship and democratic governance, which was rejected by the British.
With the establishment of the Federation of Malaya and the British crackdown on parties of the Malay Left and the communists of the MCP, PKMM disbanded though many of its members would go on to play important roles in Malayan politics.
PKMM was established on 17 October 1945 at its inaugural meeting from 16 - 17 October 1945. Apart from states representatives, present also was a representative from Pattani, Tengku Mahmood Mahyiddeen and a royal representative of the Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Hishammuddin Abdul Aziz Alam Shah who contributed $50,000. The central committee consisted of:
PKMM's inaugural conference ran from 30 November 1945 to 4 December 1945 and featured a wide variety of activists from diverse backgrounds including communists, royalists, nationalists, Islamic preachers, socialists, students and proponents of Malay culture and customs. The congress agreed that PKMM would be guided by the following goals:
Mokhtaruddin Lasso's decision to leave Malaya for Indonesia in 1946 saw Burhanuddin Al-Helmy assume the position of party leader. The new leadership was organised as follows:
As of 1947 the party recorded 53,380 members with its strongholds in Perak and Pahang.
Tensions between Burhanuddin Al-Helmy and youth leader Ahmad Boestamam, who advocated radical actions to challenge colonial rule led to establishment of separate women's and youth wings. Angkatan Pemuda Insaf (API) formed the radical youth wing of the party led by Ahmad Boestamam whilst Angkatan Wanita Segar (AWAS) formed the women's wing of the party led by Shamisah Fakeh.
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