Malassezia sympodialis
| Malassezia sympodialis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Exobasidiomycetes |
| Order: | Malasseziales |
| Family: | Malasseziaceae |
| Genus: | Malassezia |
| Species: | M. sympodialis |
| Binomial name | |
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Malassezia sympodialis Simmons & Gueho, 1990 |
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Malassezia sympodialis is a species in the genus Malassezia. It is characterized by a pronounced lipophily, unilateral, or sympodial budding and an irregular, corrugated cell wall ultrastructure. It is one of the most common species found on the skin of healthy and diseased individuals. It is considered to be part of the skin's normal human microbiota and begins to colonize the skin of humans shortly after birth.Malassezia sympodialis, often has a symbiotic or commensal relationship with its host, but it can act as a pathogen causing a number of different skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis.
In 1846, Karl Ferdinand Eichstedt was the first to identify the association of fungi with pityriasis versicolor, a common infection associated with the genus Malassezia. The name applied to the fungal agent responsible shifted multiple times over the next 150 years until the genus Pityrosporum was settled upon for the teleomorph, and Malassezia for the anamorph. Through the use of genetic sequencing, a number of new species have since been identified.
Malassezia sympodialis exhibits unipolar budding, similar to a number of other Malassezia species including M. pachydermatis. The colonies achieve a size of 5 mm in diameter after a week of growth, and develop a soft texture and a round, smooth shape. The individual cells are oval in shape and 2.5-7.5 × 2.0-8.0 μm in size and acquire a yellowish appearance en masse when grown in culture at 37 °C (99 °F). The optimal growth of this species occurs at 34 °C (93 °F). A range of specialized growth media such as Cremophor EL and Leeming-Notman agar that incorporate fatty acids support the growth of M. sympodialis. However, non-specialized growth media overlaid with sterile olive oil also support the growth of this species in culture.Malassezia sympodialis can be identified in the laboratory by the presence of β-glucosidase activity which causes darkening of the growth medium.
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