Malagasy Protectorate
| Malagasy Protectorate | ||||||||||
| Protectorate of France | ||||||||||
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 Malagasy Protectorate
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| Capital | Not specified | |||||||||
| Languages | Malagasy, French | |||||||||
| Government | Protectorate of France | |||||||||
| Historical era | Scramble for Africa | |||||||||
| • | Established | 1882 | ||||||||
| • | Establishment of French Madagascar | February 28, 1897 | ||||||||
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The Malagasy Protectorate was a French protectorate in what is now Madagascar. Through the protectorate, France attempted to control the foreign affairs of the Kingdom of Imerina through its representative at Antananarivo. France declared the island a protectorate in 1882 after reaching an agreement with Britain, which had been the first European power to establish a lasting influence and presence on the island that dated back to the arrival of London Missionary Society missionaries around 1820; Britain agreed to sanction French claims to Madagascar in exchange for French recognition of its claims to Zanzibar. The French justified the establishment of a protectorate on the basis of land claims over outlying islands like Nosy Be and Nosy Boraha and a treaty signed with a local leader of the western coastal Sakalava people. It was further justified through documents signed by King Radama II, including a letter he was possibly tricked into signing that entreated Napoleon to support a coup d'état against Ranavalona I, and land ownership agreements with French industrialist Joseph-François Lambert that were revoked upon Radama's assassination in 1863. It ended in 1897 as Madagascar became a French colony.
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