Magonista rebellion of 1911

Magonista Rebellion
Part of the Mexican Revolution
Magonista guerrillas with the banner, "Tierra y Libertad" in Tijuana, 1911.
Date January 1911 - June 1911 Location northern Baja California, Mexico Result Initial victory for insurgents, federal forces loyal to Madero eventually drove them out.
Belligerents
Partido Liberal Mexicano	Porfirio Díaz, Mexico Francisco I. Madero, Mexico
Commanders and leaders
José María Leyva Vasquez Salinas John R. Mosby Stanley Williams Caryl ap Rhys Pryce Francisco Quijada	Celso Vega Guerrero
Strength
~220 militia	360 infantry ~200 militia
Casualties and losses
~20 killed ~10 wounded	12 killed ~10 wounded 1 captured

The Magonista Rebellion of 1911 was an early uprising of the Mexican Revolution organized by the Liberal Party of Mexico (known in Spanish as the Partido Liberal Mexicano or PLM), which was only successful in northern Baja California. It is named after Ricardo Flores Magón, one of the leaders of the PLM. The Magonistas controlled Tijuana and Mexicali for about six months, beginning with the "liberation" of Mexicali on January 29, 1911. The rebellion was launched against the rule of Porfirio Díaz but was put down by forces loyal to Francisco I. Madero. Acting on a tip from Madero's agents, leaders of the Magonista movement were arrested in the United States.

The uprising took place within a general uprising against the Dictatorship but it soon distanced itself from the bourgeois democratic revolution of Madero, seeking rather to abolish property and create an anarchist worker's commune. However, though several cities were held for around half a year, the attempted revolution of magonista rebels turned out quite unsuccessfully, "with the insurgents crippled by dissensions between Americans, Mexicans and Indians, and with opportunism and lack of political principle rife among some of its leading actors." Compared to the agrarian revolution in Morelos, the Baja California revolt did not achieve much, but the PLM's influence on the outburst of revolution and its position as a revolutionary vanguard cannot be overlooked. Thus, while the material realization of the PLM program did not attain any lasting results, the ideas for which the revolt in Baja California were fought for remained a powerful element in the social transformation of the Revolution. Opponents of the PLM tried to paint their movement as being controlled by American interests, which was probably not the case, but the accusation was effective at reducing their support.

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