Magnolia fraseri
| Fraser magnolia | |
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Magnoliaceae - Magnolia fraseri From Curtis's Botanical Magazine; or Flower Garden Displayed (London, 1809, volume 30, plate 1206). Hand-colored engraving by Francis Sansom after Sydenham Teast Edwards. |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Magnoliales |
| Family: | Magnoliaceae |
| Genus: | Magnolia |
| Subgenus: | M. subg. Magnolia |
| Section: | M. sect. Auriculata |
| Species: | M. fraseri |
| Binomial name | |
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Magnolia fraseri Walter |
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| Natural range | |
From Curtis's Botanical Magazine; or Flower Garden Displayed (London, 1809, volume 30, plate 1206). Hand-colored engraving by Francis Sansom after Sydenham Teast Edwards.
Magnolia fraseri (Fraser magnolia, mountain magnolia, earleaf cucumbertree, or mountain-oread), is a species of Magnolia native to the southeastern United States in the southern Appalachian Mountains and adjacent Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain from West Virginia south to northern Florida and west to eastern Texas. The Appalachian plants are classified as Magnolia fraseri var. fraseri, and the more coastal plants as M. fraseri var. pyramidata. These two kinds of magnolia are often recognized as distinct species, M. fraseri and M. pyramidata, respectively.
Fraser magnolia is a small, deciduous tree growing to 14 m (40 ft) tall, as a basal-branching, fragrant plant, with brown bark with a "warty" or "scaly" texture. The leaves are quite large, 15–25 cm (rarely up to 53 cm) long and 8–18 cm (rarely up to 29 cm) broad, with a pair of auricles (or "ear-lobes") at the base and an entire margin; they are green above and glaucous blue-green below. The showy white flowers are 16–25 cm in diameter with nine tepals; they open in late spring or early summer, after the foliage. The fruit is a woody, oblong, cone-like structure (like all Magnolias) 6.5–12 cm long, covered in small, pod-like follicles each containing one or two red seeds that hang out from the cone by a slender thread when ripe. A good seed crop occurs only about every 4–5 years. Reproduction is accomplished by both seed and vegetative sprouts. The fruit is eaten by wildlife, helping disperse the seeds.
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