Mírzá Muhammad `Alí
| Mírzá Muhammad `Alí | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Born | December 16, 1853 Baghdad |
| Died | 10 December 1937 (aged 83) Haifa, Mandatory Palestine |
| Children | Shua Ullah Behai, Amin Ullah Bahai, Mousa (Musa) Bahai, |
| Parent(s) | Father: Bahá’u’lláh Mother: Fatimih Khanum (Mahd-i-‘Ulya) |
Mírzá Muhammad `Alí (Persian: میرزا محمد علی 1852–1937) was one of the sons of Bahá'u'lláh, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith. He was the eldest son of his father's second wife, Fatimih Khanum, later known as Mahd-i-'Ulya, whom Bahá'u'lláh married in Tehran in 1849. Muhammad `Alí received the title from his father of Ghusn-i-Akbar ("Greatest Branch" or "Greater Branch").
Mírzá Muhammad `Alí was born on December 16, 1853 in Baghdad during Bahá'u'lláh's first year of exile in that city. In 1863, at the age of nine, he accompanied his family in their exile to Constantinople and Adrianople. During the final days in Adrianople, Mírzá Muhammad `Alí wrote about eighty letters to the believers of the Bahá'í Faith, such as those in Baghdad and its surrounding towns. He also asked permission of his father to travel abroad and spread the Bahá'í Faith.
At the age of fifteen, when Baha’u’llah's family was imprisoned in Acre, the duty of copying Bahá'u'lláh's writings was given to Mírzá Muhammad `Alí.
In the Kitáb-i-‘Ahd ("Book of the Covenant"), Bahá'u'lláh appointed `Abdu'l-Bahá as his successor, with Muhammad `Ali given a station "beneath" that of `Abdu'l-Bahá. Both were noted explicitly by their titles, with Muhammad Ali being called Ghusn-i-Akbar and `Abdu'l-Bahá being called Ghusn-i-A'zam. As time passed, Muhammad `Alí claimed that `Abdu'l-Bahá was not sharing power. According to some interpretations, Muhammad `Alí insisted that he should instead be regarded as the leader of the Bahá'ís. Many accusations were leveled against each other by both `Abdu'l-Bahá and Muhammad `Alí, culminating in Muhammad `Alí's accusing his older brother of conspiring against the Ottoman government. This resulted in the imprisonment and near-death of `Abdu'l-Bahá and his family. Almost all Bahá'ís accepted `Abdu'l-Bahá as Bahá'u'lláh's successor.
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