Máté Zalka

Máté Zalka (April 23, 1896 - June 11, 1937) was a Hungarian writer, soldier and revolutionary. His real name was Béla Frankl. He fought in the Hungarian Army during the First World War and was captured by the Russians. Subsequently, he came under the influence of Bolshevism and fought during the Russian Civil War. After participating in various other conflicts for the Soviet Union, he eventually ended up dying in the Spanish Civil War.

Born at Tunyogmatolcs, Hungary to a family of Hungarian Jews, he attended Polgári Iskola (high school) in Mátészalka, which was later renamed in his honor. (The name was later changed after the fall of the Communist regime).

When he was 18, Zalka lied about his age in order to volunteer in the Hungarian Army. Officer of hussars Zalka fought in Italy, which later became the subject of his novel Doberdó. He went to battle on the Russian front in 1917 and ended up in a Russian prisoner of war camp, where he was influenced by Communism.

In February 1918, during the Russian Civil War, Zalka formed an international group of Red Guards in Khabarovsk which mainly comprised ex-prisoner Hungarians, and participated in the punitive operations in Siberia against the White formations. At the end of World War I, Zalka chose to stay in Russia instead of returning to Hungary. Zalka met his Russian future wife Vera. They had one daughter, who later died due to complications from the accident at Chernobyl.

In 1920, Zalka fought against Poland in the Battle of Kiev. From 1921 to 1923, he was commander of a regiment of cavalry of the VCK GPU, the Soviet Communist Party Secret Service, that fought in Crimea and Ukraine, and was involved in the elimination of forces of Nestor Makhno and other atamans of Ukraine. Because these atamans met with widespread support of local people, many of the actions resulted in punitive operations against civilians. At some point, he fought in the Turkish War of Independence under the assumed name of Lukács Tábornok (General Lukács).

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