Lyudmila Keldysh
| Lyudmila Keldysh | |
|---|---|
| Native name | Людмила Всеволодовна Келдыш |
| Born |
Lyudmila Vsevolodovna Keldysh 12 March 1904 Orenburg, Russia |
| Died | 16 February 1976 (aged 71) Moscow, Russia |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Other names | Liudmila Vsevolodovna Keldysh, Ljudmila Vsevolodovna Keldyš |
| Occupation | mathematician |
| Years active | 1930-1974 |
| Known for | set theory and geometric topology |
| Spouse(s) | Sergei Petrovich Novikov |
Lyudmila Keldysh (aka Ljudmila Vsevolodovna Keldyš; Russian: Людмила Всеволодовна Келдыш) (1904-1976) was a Russian mathematician known for set theory and geometric topology.
Lyudmila Vsevolodovna Keldysh was born on 12 March 1904 in Orenburg, Russia to Mariya Aleksandrovna (née Skvortsova) and Vsevolod Mikhailovich Keldysh. Her family was descended of Russian nobility and though they were well-to-do before the Russian Revolution, they would later face difficulty because of their heritage. Because her father was a construction expert for the military, they moved frequently and she lived in Helsinki between 1905 and 1907, then in St. Petersburg until 1909, and then moved to Riga, Latvia. Vsevolod took a position there at the Riga Polytechnic Institute, until the German invasion of 1915 forced the family to flee to Moscow, where they lived in the Losinoostrovsky District. Keldysh attended school, finishing her education in Ivanovo-Voznesensk, where the family had moved in 1918. She continued her education at the Moscow State University, graduating in 1925. While she was studying, she joined the research group of Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin in 1923, as did Petr Sergeevich Novikov, who she would later marry. Luzin published her first mathematical theory, which was an evaluation using continued fractions of the fourth Borel set in 1930.
Keldysh began teaching in 1930 at the Moscow Aviation Institute. Around this time, she had her first son, Leonid Veniaminovich Keldysh in 1931. In 1934, she left the Aviation Institute and began teaching at the Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences specializing in set theories. That same year, she married Novikov and published three papers: On the Homeomorphism of Canonical Elements of the 3rd Class; On Simple Functions of Class a; and On the Structure of B Measurable Functions of Class a. The following year, Stalin began his purges and Keldysh lost both and uncle and a nephew, and her parents were both arrested, though later released. In the next few years, she had two more sons Andrei Petrovich Novikov and Sergei Petrovich Novikov, who would both become noted mathematicians. She had continued her research on Borel sets and in 1941 defended her thesis, but before she received her degree the family fled the advancing German troops. Most of the faculty of the Institute of the Academy of Sciences were considered evacuees when they arrived in Kazan, but Keldysh and her three sons were treated as refugees. They found lodging in the gym of the Kazan University with several hundred other refugees, until Novikov arrived and the family was given a dorm room. Novikov was ill and required surgery, leaving Keldysh shuttling between her husband's hospital room and her children's dorm room.
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