Lupao, Nueva Ecija
| Lupao | ||
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| Municipality | ||
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 Map of Nueva Ecija showing the location of Lupao |
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 Lupao
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| Coordinates: 15°53′N 120°54′E / 15.883°N 120.900°ECoordinates: 15°53′N 120°54′E / 15.883°N 120.900°E | ||
| Country | Philippines | |
| Region | Central Luzon (Region III) | |
| Province | Nueva Ecija | |
| District | 2nd District | |
| Founded | 1913 | |
| Barangays | 24 | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Alex Rommel V. Romano | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 121.33 km2 (46.85 sq mi) | |
| Population (2010) | ||
| • Total | 40,931 | |
| • Density | 340/km2 (870/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | PST (UTC+8) | |
| ZIP code | 3122 | |
| IDD : area code | +63 (0)44 | |
| Income class | 3rd Class | |
Lupao is a third class municipality in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. According to the 2010 census, it had a population of 40,931 people.
The town is derived from the Ilocano word lupa, the name of an itchy plant found in great abundance within the town and its outskirts at the time of the town’s foundation in 1913.
Lupao is subdivided into 24 barangays.
During the Spanish rule, the territorial jurisdiction of the province of Nueva Ecija extended to as far south at Cabiao and the towns of San Quintin, Rosales, Balungao and (H)umingan in the north, which later on formed part of the province of Pangasinan. Lupao was a component barrio of Umingan. It remained so until 1871 when some residents led by a Señor Calderon petitioned the Governor General for the segregation of Lupao as a barrio of Umingan and the eventual creation of Lupao as “Tenencia Absoluta” to be headed by a Teniente Absoluto. On September 28, 1871, the Govierno Superior Civil de Filipinas decreed the creation of Lupao as Tenencia Absoluta. It signified the formal segregation as barrio and the eventual creation as “pueblo” of the province of Nueva Ecija. Under the Spanish rule, a pueblo is created through the Laws of the Indies and represented a local government unit. The pueblo was an agency of the Central Government.
Salvacion was the first barrio of Lupao. Its initial territory also included Barrio Cabaritan now known as San Jose City. Barangay San Roque was known as Odiao and San Isidro as Macaniaoed. Among the first leaders of the municipality during the twilight years of Spanish Rule were Benito Romualdo as “Capitan Municipal” and Celestino Jabalde as ‘Juez de Paz”.
In 1898, soon after the Treaty of Paris (1898) was signed and the payment of 20 million pesetas for the possession of the Philippines, the United States Military Government (USMG) issued General Order No. 43 proclaiming the establishment of municipal governments. The Second Philippine Commission (the Taft Commission) acting as the upper house of a bicameral legislature then issued Act No.82 in 1901, “The 1901 municipal code” provided for popularly elected presidents (mayor), vice presidents (vice mayor), and councilors to serve on municipal boards.
It was only in 1913 that Lupao became a town mainly through the concerted efforts of Gen. Manuel Tinio and Assemblyman Isauro Gabaldon of the Philippine Assembly (lower house). Its founding fathers were Victoriano Joanino, Calixto Laureta, Felix Carpio, Juan Briones, Anacleto Ganareal, Luis Mamaligsa, Gregorio Babagay, Sicto Baclig, Remigio Blas Caoile and Candido Mata.
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