Ludzie bezdomni
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| Author | Stefan Żeromski |
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| Original title | Ludzie bezdomni |
| Country | Austria-Hungary |
| Language | Polish |
| Genre | Modernist |
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Publication date
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1900 |
Ludzie bezdomni (Homeless people) is a book written by Stefan Żeromski in 1899 in Zakopane, Poland, published for the first time in 1900. It introduces readers to the life and social work of the young doctor Tomasz Judym, as well as his love of Joanna Podborska. The novel is set at the end of the 19th century and presents the concept of personal devotion and working for the common people.
Homeless People was the fifth book by Stefan Żeromski to be printed. It was written in 1899 in Zakopane, and is considered by critics and readers to have had a huge social and political impact. With it, the writer started a new type of contemporary novel, grounded in the realities of Polish life at the end of the 19th century, that was subordinated to the main idea, social work. Doctor Judym, the main character, decides to do that sort of work, when after years of sacrifices he becomes a doctor in order to help other people, especially the poor and wronged.
Żeromski met Tomasz Janiszewski in Zakopane and made him the prototype of the main character, Tomasz Judym.
The writer prepared himself well to write the novel. It constitutes the effect of his cognitive passion and positive views that writing must be joined with an honest, even scientific, penetration of social reality and one’s own beliefs. Thanks to Homeless People, Żeromski gained the title of the "spiritual guide of the generation". The novel was seen as a work treating the social and moral problems of the age, as a protest against stratification and the misery of the poorest social groups of the nation. By some it was also considered to be an ideological manifesto proclaiming the fight with opportunism and egoism.
Because of the novel, Żeromski became a huge moral authority for his contemporaries, and not only in Poland, because Homeless People was published in 14 languages. He exerted a direct influence on the thinking of young people in the beginning of the 20th century.
Tomasz Judym is a young, ambitious surgeon who thinks that his mission as a doctor is to help people harmed by chance and wants to improve the living and working conditions of the most deprived. "He is a morally sensitive man rebelling against evil and injustice". The main theme of the novel is the choice that the main character has to make between his own happiness and the happiness of the poorer classes from which he himself comes. Judym believes that if he is happy, fulfilled when it comes to love and starts a family, he will soon become an egoist and insensitive to people’s suffering. He will no longer understand a man living in poverty. That is why the hero, despite being deeply in love with Joanna Podborska, decides to give up the vision of domestic warmth.
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Wikipedia