Louis, Dauphin of France (1682–1712)
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| Dauphin of France; Duke of Burgundy | |||||
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Louis, Duke of Burgundy by Hyacinthe Rigaud
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| Born |
16 August 1682 Palace of Versailles, France |
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| Died | 18 February 1712 (aged 29) Château de Marly, Marly, France |
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| Burial | 23 February 1712 Basilica of St Denis, France |
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| Spouse | Marie Adélaïde of Savoy | ||||
| Issue Among others |
Louis, Duke of Brittany Louis XV of France |
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| House | House of Bourbon | ||||
| Father | Louis, Grand Dauphin | ||||
| Mother | Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
| Signature |  |
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| Full name | |
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| Louis de France |
Louis, Duke of Burgundy and later Dauphin of France (16 August 1682 – 18 February 1712) was the eldest son of Louis, Grand Dauphin, and father of Louis XV. Until he became the official Dauphin of France upon his father's death in 1711, he was known as Le Petit Dauphin to distinguish him from his father, who was known as le Grand Dauphin.
Louis was born in the Palace of Versailles, the eldest son of the young 21-year-old Dauphin, Louis, who would later be called le Grand Dauphin, and his wife, the 22-year-old Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria. His father was the eldest son of the mighty King Louis XIV of France, by then at the height of his powers at age 44. At birth, he received the title of Duke of Burgundy (duc de Bourgogne). In addition, as the son of the Dauphin and grandson to the king, he was a fils de France and also second in the line of succession to his grandfather, King Louis XIV after his father.
Louis grew up with his younger brothers: Philip, Duke of Anjou, who became King Philip V of Spain; and Charles, Duke of Berry. He lost his mother when he was eight. His father never played a major role in politics.
The Duke of Burgundy was reputed to be a difficult child who respected no one, but under the influence of his tutor François Fénelon, Archbishop of Cambrai, he grew into a very pious and religious man. Fénelon's thoughts and beliefs influenced the young prince throughout his life.
At the age of 15, he married his second cousin, Princess Marie-Adélaïde of Savoy, the daughter of Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy and Anne Marie d'Orléans. This match had been decided as part of the Treaty of Turin, which ended Franco-Savoyard conflicts during the Nine Years' War. The wedding took place on 7 December 1697 at the Palace of Versailles.
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