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Lord Liverpool

The Right Honourable
The Earl of Liverpool
KG PC FRS
Lord Liverpool.jpg
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
In office
8 June 1812 – 9 April 1827
Monarch George III
George IV
Regent Prince George
Preceded by Spencer Perceval
Succeeded by George Canning
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
In office
1 November 1809 – 11 June 1812
Prime Minister Spencer Perceval
Preceded by Viscount Castlereagh
Succeeded by The Earl Bathurst
Leader of the House of Lords
In office
25 March 1807 – 9 April 1827
Prime Minister The Duke of Portland
Spencer Perceval
Preceded by The Lord Grenville
Succeeded by The Viscount Goderich
In office
17 August 1803 – 5 February 1806
Prime Minister Henry Addington
William Pitt the Younger
Preceded by The Lord Pelham
Succeeded by The Lord Grenville
Home Secretary
In office
25 March 1807 – 1 November 1809
Prime Minister The Duke of Portland
Preceded by The Earl Spencer
Succeeded by Richard Ryder
In office
12 May 1804 – 5 February 1806
Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger
Preceded by Charles Philip Yorke
Succeeded by The Earl Spencer
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
In office
20 February 1801 – 14 May 1804
Prime Minister Henry Addington
Preceded by The Lord Greenville
Succeeded by The Lord Harrowby
Personal details
Born (1770-06-07)7 June 1770
London
Died 4 December 1828(1828-12-04) (aged 58)
Kingston upon Thames, Surrey
Political party Tory
Spouse(s)
Alma mater Christ Church, Oxford
Religion Church of England
Signature Cursive signature in ink

Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, KG, PC, FRS (7 June 1770 – 4 December 1828) was an English politician and both the youngest and longest-serving Prime Minister (1812–27) since 1806. As Prime Minister, Liverpool called for repressive measures at domestic level to maintain order after the riots of 1819. He dealt smoothly with the Prince Regent when King George III was incapacitated. He also steered the country through the period of radicalism and unrest that followed the Napoleonic Wars. He favoured commercial and manufacturing interests as well as the landed interest. He sought a compromise of the heated issue of Catholic emancipation. The revival of the economy strengthened his political position. By the 1820s he was the leader of a reform faction of "Liberal Tories" who lowered the tariff, abolished the death penalty for many offences, and reformed the criminal law. By the time of his death in office, however, the Tory Party was ripping itself apart. John Derry says he was:

Important events during his tenure as Prime Minister included the War of 1812 with the United States, the Sixth and Seventh Coalitions against the French Empire, the conclusion of the Napoleonic Wars at the Congress of Vienna, the Corn Laws, the Peterloo Massacre, the Trinitarian Act 1812 and the emerging issue of Catholic emancipation.

Jenkinson was baptised on 29 June 1770 at St. Margaret's, Westminster, the son of George III's close adviser Charles Jenkinson, later the first Earl of Liverpool, and his first wife, Amelia Watts. Jenkinson's 19-year-old mother, who was the daughter of a senior East India Company official William Watts, died from the effects of childbirth one month after his birth.


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