Lone Pine (tree)
The Lone Pine was a solitary tree on the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey, which marked the site of the Battle of Lone Pine in 1915. It was a "Turkish Pine" of species Pinus brutia.
Pines which are planted as a memorial to the Australian and New Zealand soldiers who fought in Gallipoli are also known as "Lone Pines" or "Gallipoli Pines". However, there are at least two species of pine in that locality—in addition to "Turkish Pine" Pinus brutia, the "Aleppo Pine" Pinus halepensis is also common. Branches from "Allepo" pines were also used by the Turks to protect their trenches, and cones and seeds from "Allepo" pines are common at "Lone Pine" memorials in Australia, in particular, the tree at the Australian War Memorial.
The tree at the Lone Pine Cemetery at Gallipoli is of a third species—Stone pine Pinus pinea.
The "original" Lone Pine, a "Turkish Pine" of species Pinus brutia, was the sole survivor of a group of trees that had been cut down by Turkish soldiers who had used the timber and branches to cover their trenches during the battle. They has also cut down other trees to do this, most particularly "Aleppo Pines" Pinus halepensis. The tree was obliterated during the battle; however, pine cones that had remained attached to the cut branches over the trenches were retrieved by various Australian soldiers and brought home to Australia. The resultant seedlings sent home by one soldier were found to be Turkish pines, but those sent home by a pair of soldiers were found to be Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine). Initially, Turkish pines were regarded as a subspecies of Pinus halepensis (Aleppo pine), but now they are usually classified as a distinct species, Pinus brutia.
At the Lone Pine Cemetery on the Gallipoli peninsula, a solitary pine was planted in the 1920s to symbolise the original Lone Pine. This tree was inspected in 1987 by an Australian botanist and confirmed to be a stone pine (Pinus pinea).Coordinates: 40°13′49.48″N 26°17′14.74″E / 40.2304111°N 26.2874278°E
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