List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada

The table below lists the census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada by population, using data from the Canada 2011 Census. Each entry is identified as a census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) as defined by Statistics Canada. Any other census subdivision that comprises at least 10 per cent of the CMA or CA population is listed in parentheses.

Note that a city's metropolitan area in colloquial or administrative terms may be different from its CMA as defined by Statistics Canada, resulting in differing populations. Such is the case with the Greater Toronto Area where its metro population is notably higher than its CMA population due to its inclusion of the neighbouring Oshawa CMA to the east and the Burlington portion of the neighbouring Hamilton CMA to the west.

Between 2006 and 2011, four of the five fastest growing CMAs were located in Western Canada with Alberta's two CMAs, Calgary and Edmonton, leading the country. Saskatoon, Kelowna and Moncton rounded out the top five in the country, while nine other CMAs registered growth that outpaced the national average. Of the remaining nineteen CMAs, all but two of them recorded population growth. Those that experienced population decline were Thunder Bay and Windsor.

Ten of the fifteen fastest growing CAs in Canada between the two most recent censuses were located in Alberta. The other five were located in British Columbia with two, and Manitoba, Ontario and Yukon each with one. Twenty-four CAs experienced population decline between 2006 and 2011. The fifteen CAs that experienced the greatest population decline were located in British Columbia (two), Manitoba (one), New Brunswick (one), Nova Scotia (three), Ontario (four) and Quebec (four). Okotoks experienced the greatest increase while Thompson experienced the greatest decline.

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