List, Schleswig-Holstein
| List auf Sylt | |||
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 List auf Sylt
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Location of List auf Sylt within Nordfriesland district
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| Coordinates: 55°0′N 8°26′E / 55.000°N 8.433°ECoordinates: 55°0′N 8°26′E / 55.000°N 8.433°E | |||
| Country | Germany | ||
| State | Schleswig-Holstein | ||
| District | Nordfriesland | ||
| Municipal assoc. | Landschaft Sylt | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Wolfgang Strenger | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 18.47 km2 (7.13 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 3 m (10 ft) | ||
| Population (2015-12-31) | |||
| • Total | 1,531 | ||
| • Density | 83/km2 (210/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) | ||
| Postal codes | 25992 | ||
| Dialling codes | 04651 | ||
| Vehicle registration | NF | ||
| Website | www.amtlandschaftsylt.de | ||
List auf Sylt (known as List until 31 December 2008) is the northernmost municipality in Germany, located on the North Sea island of Sylt close to Denmark in the district of Nordfriesland in the state of Schleswig-Holstein.
List derived from the Middle Low German Liste (ledge, bar or edge).
List was originally a Danish settlement. It was first mentioned in 1292 (Lystum). The original village was destroyed by the great flood of 1364. The settlement was rebuilt further east from the previous location. In the mid-15th century, a church named St. Jürgen was mentioned. In a treaty of 1460, Schleswig and Holstein were linked to the Danish crown, but List remained part of the royal enclaves, small areas of the Kingdom of Denmark situated within the Duchy of Schleswig, but directly controlled by the Danish king.
From the 16th century, the people of List mostly made a living from Oyster farming, raising sheep and collecting and selling gull eggs. At the time, List was an important protective anchorage. In 1644, a Swedish-Dutch fleet of 26 ships commanded by Admiral Thijssen was attacked in the Lister Tief and defeated by Danish ships commanded by king Christian IV of Denmark. The anchorage north of today's town was named Königshafen to honour this event.
After the Danish-German war of 1864, List became part of Prussia. In 1908, List had 13 houses and 70 inhabitants.
The plebiscite of 1920 drew the border just north of List, with the next island (Rømø) being returned to Denmark.
In World War I, List became a naval air base. The first fortifications were constructed in 1914, followed by a hangar for naval planes. In 1927, a station of the Deutsche Verkehrsfliegerschule opened in List. This served both to train civilian pilots (for Lufthansa) as well as providing training for military purposes, officially forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles.
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