Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic
| Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic | ||||||||||||||
| Latvijas Sociālistiskā Padomju Republika | ||||||||||||||
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Motto "Visu zemju proletārieši, savienojieties!" Workers of the world, unite! |
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Anthem Internacionāle |
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| Capital |
Riga (to 22 May 1919) Dvinsk (Daugavpils) Rezhitsa (Rezekne) |
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| Languages |
Latvian · Russian Latgaliana |
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| Government | Socialist republic | |||||||||||||
| Chairman | ||||||||||||||
| • | 1918–1920 | Pēteris Stučka | ||||||||||||
| Legislature | All-Latvian Congress of Workers' Soviet Deputies | |||||||||||||
| History | ||||||||||||||
| • | Established | 17 December 1918 | ||||||||||||
| • | Recognized by Russian SFSR | 22 December 1918 | ||||||||||||
| • | Riga captured by German Freikorps | 22 May 1919 | ||||||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 13 January 1920 | ||||||||||||
| Currency | Ruble | |||||||||||||
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| a. | Local languages included German, Yiddish, Lithuanian and Estonian. | |||||||||||||
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The Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic (Latvian: Latvijas Sociālistiskā Padomju Republika, LSPR) was a short-lived socialist republic formed during the Latvian War of Independence. It was proclaimed on 17 December 1918 with the political, economic, and military backing of Vladimir Lenin and his Bolshevik government in the Russian SFSR. The head of government was Pēteris Stučka.
The LSPR armed forces, which consisted of the Red Latvian Riflemen and other units of the Red Army, quickly captured most of the territory of present-day Latvia, forcing Kārlis Ulmanis's provisional government into a small pocket of territory around the city of Liepāja.
Stučka's government introduced sweeping communist reforms, resuming the radical policy direction from the abortive Iskolat regime. Some reforms were initially popular, such as the expropriation of property from the bourgeoisie. The decision to unilaterally nationalise all agrarian land, however, had dire economic consequences for the cities, as rural support for the regime declined drastically.
The peasants no longer agreed to supply the townsfolk with foodstuffs on the government's terms, and shortages became critical. When the people in Riga and other cities began to starve, contributing to widespread discontent among the proletariat as well, a wave of terror swept both rural and urban areas, seeking out alleged counter-revolutionaries supposedly responsible for the failures of the regime. Arbitrary Revolutionary Tribunals and the so-called Flintenweiber ("Gun-Women") were memorable components of this wave of terror.
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