Philippe-Isidore Picot de Lapeyrouse or La Peirouse, Baron de Lapeyrouse. (20 October 1744 in Toulouse – 18 October 1818 in château de Lapeyrouse (Haute-Garonne) was a French naturalist.
In 1782 he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
The genus Lapeirousia in the family Iridaceae was named after him by his friend Pierre André Pourret, and not, as is sometimes erroneously stated, after the French mariner, Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse.