Lankaran (rayon)
| Lənkəran | |
|---|---|
| Rayon | |
.svg) Map of Azerbaijan showing Lankaran Rayon |
|
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| Capital | Lankaran |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,540 km2 (590 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 209,900 |
| Postal code | AZ4200 |
| Telephone code | (+994) 25 |
Lankaran (Lenkoran, Lənkəran) is a rayon of Azerbaijan. It surrounds but does not include the city of Lankaran, which is technically a separate administrative region.
Archaeological excavations indicate that people have lived in the region since at least the Bronze Age (3rd or 2nd millennia BC). The area around Lankaran has fertile soil, rich water reserves and a humid subtropical climate with a maximum annual precipitation of 1,600 to 1,800 mm, the highest precipitation in Azerbaijan, lending to abundant agriculture, cattle-breeding, gardening, fishing, bee-keeping and silk production. Blacksmith, copper-smith, pottery and other trades have long been well established too. The area's development was also aided by its location as a point of communication between ancient empires, leading to caravan trade funnelled along the Caspian Sea coast.
Between 1747 and 1813, Lankaran was the main city of the Talysh Khanate. Following the 1813 Gulistan Treaty, the northern area of the khanate was occupied by Russia, and the remainder was seized in the final Russo-Persian war of 1826-1828. The 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay left the area within the Russian empire and the khanate was abolished. During the 19th century, Lankaran exported rice, silk, vegetables, wood and fish to Russia. During the 20th century the tea-cultivation and processing industry became important in the rayon.
The area was briefly the centre of a Bolshevik-inspired Mughan Soviet Republic during 1919. History repeated itself somewhat in 1993. During the period of instability that followed Azerbaijan's 1991 independence from the USSR, Lankaran and surrounding rayons were briefly declared the Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic, but this only survived between June and August 1993. Today the region is an integral part of the Azerbaijan Republic.
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Wikipedia