Lake Maryut
| Lake Mariout | |
|---|---|
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| Coordinates | 31°09′11″N 29°53′55″E / 31.153056°N 29.898611°ECoordinates: 31°09′11″N 29°53′55″E / 31.153056°N 29.898611°E |
| Lake type | Brackish |
| Basin countries | Egypt |
| Settlements | Alexandria |
Lake Mariout (Arabic: بحيرة مريوط Boḥēret Maryūṭ , IPA: [boˈħeːɾet mɑɾˤˈjuːtˤ]), also spelled Maryut or Mariut, is a brackish lake in northern Egypt. The lake area covered 200 km² and had a navigable canal at the beginning of the 20th century, but at the beginning of the 21st century, it covers only about 50 km².
The name derives from Mareotis or Marea, the name of the lake in ancient times.
It is separated from the Mediterranean Sea by the narrow isthmus on which the city of Alexandria was built. The lake shore is home to fisheries and saltworks. As far back as the early 1900s, it was documented that salt was being refined from the western part of the lake. Some of the marshy areas around the lake have been reclaimed for new building as the city grows and how to manage the pollution that goes into the lake has been considered.
According to some records, a homonymous nome (Ancient name: Mareotis) was located on the shores of this lake.
There was a bishopric of Mareotes, in the Roman province of Aegyptus Primus, which was a suffragan of the Metropolitan Archbishop of the Patriarchate of Alexandria, but it faded like most in Roman Egypt, plausibly at the advent of Islam.
Two bishops are historically documented :
The diocese was nominally restored in 1933 as Titular bishopric of Mareotes (Latin = Curiate Italian) / Mareoten(sis) (Latin adjective). Although technically a Latin titular bishopric, it has had several Eastern Catholic incumbents, notably of Egypt's native Coptic Catholic Church sui iuris (Alexandrian Rite).
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