Lahnda languages

Lahnda
بھارت کا
Region	Western Punjab region
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Northwestern Punjabi Lahnda
Standard forms	Saraiki Hindko Pahari-Potowari
Writing system	Perso-Arabic (Shahmukhi alphabet)
Language codes
ISO 639-2	lah
ISO 639-3	– inclusive code Individual codes:  – Southern Hindko  – Northern Hindko (Kagani)  – Inku (Jakati)  – Pahari-Potowari (Pothohari)  – Saraiki  – Khetrani
Glottolog	lahn1241

Lahnda (/ˈlɑːndə/) also known as Lahndi or Western Punjabi (/pʌndʒˈɑːbi/, is a group of north-western Indo-Aryan language varieties spoken in Pakistani Punjab and in parts of the neighbouring Azad Kashmir and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. These terms are exonyms and are not used by the speakers themselves. The emerging languages of this dialect area are Saraiki, Hindko and Pothohari. The validity of Lahnda as a genetic grouping has not been established.

Lahnda means "western" in Punjabi. It was coined by William St. Clair Tisdall (in the form Lahindā) probably around 1890 and later adopted by a number of linguists — notably George Abraham Grierson — for a dialect group that had no general local name. This term has currency only among linguists. The southern varieties are locally called Saraiki, and northwestern varieties Hindko or Panjistani. The main identifier of Lahnda is use of 'saan, soon, si etc.' in the future tense instead of the Standard Punjabi "ga, gi, ge etc."

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