Ladislaus I of Hungary
| Ladislaus I | |
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Saint Ladislaus (Chronica Hungarorum)
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King of Hungary Contested by Solomon until 1081 |
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| Reign | 1077–1095 |
| Predecessor | Géza I |
| Successor | Coloman |
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King of Croatia Contested by Petar Svačić |
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| Reign | 1091–1095 |
| Predecessor | Stephen II |
| Successor | Petar Svačić |
| Born |
c. 1040 Kingdom of Poland |
| Died | 29 July 1095 (aged 54–55) |
| Burial | Somogyvár Abbey, Hungary or Cathedral-Basilica of Oradea, Romania |
| Spouse | Unnamed first wife (?) Adelaide of Rheinfelden |
| Issue | Unnamed daughter, wife of Iaroslav Sviatopolchich of Volhinia Empress Irene of Byzantium |
| Dynasty | Árpád dynasty |
| Father | Béla I of Hungary |
| Mother | Richeza or Adelaide of Poland |
| St. Ladislaus | |
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| King and Confessor | |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Canonized | 27 June 1192 (dubious) by Pope Celestine III (dubious) |
| Major shrine | Cathedral-Basilica of Oradea, Romania and Cathedral-Basilica of Győr, Hungary |
| Feast | 27 June |
| Attributes |
Holy Crown of St. Stephen I Long sword Two angels Banner |
| Patronage | Patron Saint of Hungary Patron Saint of the Székelys Protector against pestilence |
Ladislaus I or Ladislas I, also Saint Ladislaus or Saint Ladislas (Hungarian: I or Szent László; Croatian: Ladislav I.; Slovak: Svätý Ladislav I; Polish: Władysław I Święty; c. 1040 – 29 July 1095) was King of Hungary from 1077 and King of Croatia from 1091. He was the second son of King Béla I of Hungary. After Béla's death in 1063, Ladislaus and his elder brother, Géza, acknowledged their cousin, Solomon as the lawful king in exchange for receiving their father's former duchy, which included one-third of the kingdom. Géza and Ladislaus cooperated with Solomon for the next decade. Ladislaus's most popular legend, which narrates his fight with a "Cuman" (a Turkic nomad marauder) who abducted a Hungarian girl, is connected to this period. Géza's and Ladislaus's relationship with Solomon deteriorated in the early 1070s, and they rebelled against him. Géza was proclaimed king in 1074, but Solomon maintained control of the western regions of his kingdom. During Géza's reign, Ladislaus was his brother's most influential adviser.
Géza died in 1077, and his supporters made Ladislaus king. Solomon resisted Ladislaus with the assistance of King Henry IV of Germany. Ladislaus supported Henry IV's opponents during the Investiture Controversy. In 1081, Solomon abdicated and acknowledged Ladislaus's reign, but he conspired to regain the royal crown and Ladislaus imprisoned him. Ladislaus canonized the first Hungarian saints (including his distant relatives, King Stephen I and Duke Emeric) in 1085. He set Solomon free during the canonization ceremony.
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Wikipedia