Kožljak
| Kožljak | |
|---|---|
 Kožljak
|
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| Coordinates: 45°10′42″N 14°10′43″E / 45.17833°N 14.17861°ECoordinates: 45°10′42″N 14°10′43″E / 45.17833°N 14.17861°E | |
| Country | Croatia |
| County | Istria |
| Municipality | Kršan |
| Elevation | 64 m (210 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 160 |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Postal code | 52233 |
Kožljak (Kozljak, Italian: Cosliacco) is a village in Istria County, Croatia, in the municipality of Kršan. In 2011, the population of the village is 160. The settlement besides of the village consists of nearby homonymous medieval ruinous castle.
It is located in the Eastern part of Istria, on the western slopes of mountain Učka along the Čepić field, on the local road Šušnjevica-Vozlići (L50180), 6 km east from the municipal center Kršan (D64), and 13 km north-east of the city of Labin. In the village is the railway station of Lupoglav-Štalije route. Nearby is abandoned village Zagrad which leads to the castle.
The Croatian primary school was founded in 1907. The inhabitants mainly lived from agriculture, and until the drain of former Lake Čepić, even from fishery. Vladimir Nazor inspired by castles story wrote ballad Krvava košulja and novel Krvavi dani.
In the vicinity of the village is the medieval ruinous castle. The castle is located on a steep cliff (184 m.a.s.l.), along the old road which connected Istria with Croatian Littoral (Kvarner). It was built on the place of prehistoric hill fort. It was first mentioned at the time of Patriarchate of Aquileia in 1102 under name Castrum Iosilach in the grant by Ulric II and his wife Adelaide to Aquileia patriarchs. Later it is also mentioned as Gosilach, Wachsenstein or Waxenstein (from 13th century), Cosgliacco (1275), and Kožlak (Istrian Demarcation, 13th-14th century). It belonged to the Patria del Friuli, and from 13th century as loaned feud of County of Gorizia, what would become Austrian part of Istria (March of Istria), situated at the very border area between Austrian and Venetian Istria.
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