Klaus Clusius
| Klaus Clusius | |
|---|---|
| Born |
19 March 1903 Breslau (Wroclaw), Germany |
| Died | 28 May 1963 (aged 60) Zürich, Switzerland |
| Residence | Switzerland |
| Nationality | German |
| Fields | Chemical Physics |
| Institutions | University of Zürich |
| Alma mater | Technische Hochschule Breslau, today Wroclaw University of Technology (BSC), (Ph.D.) |
| Doctoral advisor | Arnold Eucken (Technische Hochschule Breslau) |
| Known for | Research in Chemical Physics |
| Notable awards | Marcel-Benoist-Preis (1958) |
Klaus Paul Alfred Clusius (19 March 1903 – 28 May 1963) was a German physical chemist from Breslau (Wrocław), Silesia. During World War II, he worked on the German nuclear energy project, also known as the Uranium Club; he worked on isotope separation techniques and heavy water production. After the war, he was a professor of physical chemistry at the University of Zurich. He died in Zurich.
Clusius studied at the Technische Hochschule Breslau (today, the Wrocław University of Technology) from 1922 to 1926. He received his doctorate in 1926, under Arnold Eucken, who was the director of the physicochemical institute there; his thesis was on the specific heat of solids at low temperatures. From 1926 to 1929, he was Eucken’s teaching assistant. From 1929 to 1930, under a Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship, he did postdoctoral studies and research at the University of Oxford, with Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, and at the Leiden University. He completed his Habilitation, in 1931, at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen under Eucken, who had been the director of the physicochemical institute there since 1929. He then became Eucken’s teaching assistant.
In 1934, Clusius became an ausserordentlicher Professor (extraordinarius professor) at the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg. From 1936, he was an ordentlicher Professor (ordinarius professor) at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. At that time or later, he became Director of the Physikalisch-Chemischen Institut der Universität München (Physical Chemistry Institute of the University of Munich). At the University, he conducted major experiments on heavy water, and he developed a thermodiffusion isotope separation tube, in 1938, with his younger colleague Gerhard Dickel.
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