Kings of Hanover

Kingdom of Hanover
Königreich Hannover
State of the German Confederation, Personal union with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1814–1837)
1814–1866
Flag Coat of arms
Motto Suscipere et Finire "Support and Finish"
Anthem Heil dir, Hannover "Hail to thee, Hanover"
The Kingdom of Hanover in 1815.
Capital		Hanover
Languages		German language, West Low German
Religion		Protestantism (mainly Lutheranism, but also Calvinism)
Government		Constitutional monarchy
King
•	1814–1820	George III
•	1820–1830	George IV
•	1830–1837	William IV
•	1837–1851	Ernest Augustus I
•	1851–1866	George V
Legislature
History
•	Congress of Vienna	12 October 1814
•	Revolution of 1848	13 March 1848
•	Austro-Prussian War	14 June 1866
•	Peace of Prague	23 August 1866
•	Annexed by Prussia	20 September 1866
Currency		Hanoverian thaler, (1814–1857) Hanoverian vereinsthaler (1857–1866)
Preceded by Succeeded by Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg Province of Hanover
Today part of		Germany  Netherlands

The Kingdom of Hanover (German: Königreich Hannover) was established in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III to his Hanoverian territories after the Napoleonic era. It succeeded the former Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg (known informally as the Electorate of Hanover), and joined with 38 other sovereign states in the German Confederation in June 1815. The kingdom was ruled by the House of Hanover, a younger branch of the House of Welf, in personal union with the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until 1837, before being conquered by Prussia in 1866 and transformed into a Prussian province. Along with the rest of Prussia, Hanover became part of the German Empire upon unification in January 1871. Briefly revived as the State of Hanover in 1946, the state was subsequently merged with some smaller states to form the current state of Lower Saxony in West Germany, later Germany.

The territory of Hanover had earlier been a principality within the Holy Roman Empire before being elevated into an electorate in 1708, when Hanover was formed by union of the dynasties I c divisions of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, excepting the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.