King Xin of Han
| Han Xin | |||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 韓信 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 韩信 | ||||||||||||
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| Han Wang Xin | |||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 韓王信 | ||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 韩王信 | ||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | King Xin of Han | ||||||||||||
|
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Hán Xìn |
| Wade–Giles | Han Hsin |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | Hon4 Seon3 |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Hán Wáng Xìn |
| Wade–Giles | Han Wang Hsin |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | Hon4 Wong4 Seon3 |
Han Xin (died 196 BC), also referred to as Han Wang Xin in Chinese historical texts to differentiate him from the contemporary general Han Xin, was a descendant of the royal family of the Han state of the Warring States period. After the establishment of the Hàn Dynasty, Emperor Gaozu granted Han Xin the title of "King of Han" (韓王). In 201 BC, Han Xin was suspected of conspiring with the Xiongnu to attack the Hàn Empire and decided to defect to the Xiongnu. He was killed in action during a battle against the Hàn army in 196 BC.
Han Xin was a grandson of King Xiang of the Han state from the Warring States period. Around 207 BC, Han Xin joined Liu Bang's rebel army in Henan and followed Liu to overthrow the Qin Dynasty. After the fall of Qin in 206 BC, Xiang Yu divided the former Qin Empire into the Eighteen Kingdoms and granted Liu Bang the title of "King of Hàn" (漢王) and relocated Liu to the remote Bashu region (in present-day Sichuan).
In late 206 BC, Liu Bang led his army out of Bashu to attack the Three Qins. This marked the beginning of a four-year-long power struggle for supremacy over China between Liu and Xiang Yu, which became known as the Chu–Hàn Contention. At that time, the Han kingdom was ruled by Zheng Chang, who was appointed "King of Han" (韓王) by Xiang Yu. Liu Bang promised to help Han Xin gain back his kingdom, and appointed him as a marshal before sending him to attack Zheng Chang. By the following year, Han Xin conquered more than ten cities in the Han kingdom and forced Zheng Chang to surrender. Liu Bang granted Han Xin the title of "King of Han" (韓王). In 204 BC, Liu Bang was defeated by Xiang Yu at the Battle of Xingyang and Han Xin was captured by Xiang Yu in battle and temporarily surrendered. Han Xin managed to escape and return to Liu Bang's side later.
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