King Ludwig III
| Ludwig III | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| King of Bavaria | |
| Reign | 5 November 1913 – 13 November 1918 |
| Predecessor | Otto |
| Successor | Monarchy abolished |
| Prime Ministers | |
| Born |
7 January 1845 Munich |
| Died | 18 October 1921 (aged 76) Sárvár, Hungary |
| Burial | Frauenkirche, Munich |
| Spouse | Maria Theresia of Austria-Este |
| Issue |
Crown Prince Rupprecht Adelgunde, Princess of Hohenzollern Princess Maria, Duchess of Calabria Prince Karl Prince Franz Mathilde, Princess Ludwig of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Prince Ludwig-Leonhart Princess Hildegarde Princess Notburga Wiltrud, Duchess of Urach Princess Helmtrud Princess Dietlinde Gundelinde, Countess of Preysing-Lichtenegg-Moos |
| House | Wittelsbach |
| Father | Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria |
| Mother | Archduchess Augusta of Austria |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
Ludwig III (Ludwig Luitpold Josef Maria Aloys Alfried; English: Louis Leopold Joseph Mary Aloysius Alfred), (7 January 1845 – 18 October 1921) was the last King of Bavaria, reigning from 1913 to 1918.
Ludwig was born in Munich, the eldest son of Prince Luitpold of Bavaria and of his wife, Archduchess Augusta of Austria (daughter of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany). He was a descendant of both Louis XIV of France and William the Conqueror. Hailing from Florence, Augusta always spoke in Italian to her four children. Ludwig was named after his grandfather, King Ludwig I of Bavaria.
Ludwig spent his first years living in the Electoral rooms of the Munich Residenz and in the Wittelsbacher Palace. From 1852 to 1863, he was tutored by Ferdinand von Malaisé. When he was ten years old, the family moved to the Leuchtenberg Palace.
In 1861 at the age of sixteen, Ludwig began his military career when his uncle, King Maximilian II of Bavaria, gave him a commission as a lieutenant in the 6th Jägerbattalion. A year later, he entered the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, where he studied law and economics. When he was eighteen, he automatically became a member of the Senate of the Bavarian Legislature as a prince of the royal house.
In 1866, Bavaria was allied with the Austrian Empire in the Austro-Prussian War. Ludwig held the rank of Oberleutnant. He was wounded at the Battle of Helmstedt, taking a bullet in his thigh. The incident contributed to the fact that he was rather averse to the military. He received the Knight's Cross 1st Class of the Bavarian Military Merit Order
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