Khmilnyk
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Khmilnyk Хмільник |
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Statue at the entrance to town
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 Khmilnyk
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| Coordinates: 49°33′25″N 27°57′26″E / 49.55694°N 27.95722°ECoordinates: 49°33′25″N 27°57′26″E / 49.55694°N 27.95722°E | |||
| Country |
 Ukraine
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| Oblast | Vinnytsia | ||
| Khmilnyk Raion | Raion | ||
| First mentioned | 1362 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Volodymyr Ivanovych Melnychuk | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 20.5 km2 (7.9 sq mi) | ||
| Highest elevation | 285 m (935 ft) | ||
| Lowest elevation | 250 m (820 ft) | ||
| Population (2015) | |||
| • Total | 28,332 | ||
| Postal code | 22000-007 | ||
| Area code(s) | +380 4338 | ||
| Website | hmilnyk.osp-ua.info | ||
Khmilnyk (Ukrainian: Хмільник, Russian: Хмельник, Polish: Chmielnik) is a resort town in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. Administratively, it is incorporated as a town of oblast significance. It also serves as an administrative center of Khmilnyk Raion, one of the 27 districts of Vinnytsia Oblast, though it is not a part of the district. Population: 28,332 (2015 est.)
The town is situated in the upper part of the river Southern Bug, 67 km (42 mi) northeast of Vinnytsia. It is one of the oldest towns of Podillia.
The town was first mentioned in writing in 1362. Prince Algirdas gathered a large army for the Battle of Blue Waters, in which he defeated Kotlubug, Kachubej, and Dmytro, who owned Podillia. The town includes an island which served as a hiding place for raiders during the Tatar invasions. This island was called Khmilnyk for the hop plants which grew there in abundance; in Ukrainian, "khmilnyk" means hop garden). Khmilnyk is situated not far from "Black Way", the road often used by Tatar armies.
In 1434, Khmilnyk became part of Poland's Khmilnyk district of Podillia province. After the town obtained Magdeburg rights in 1448, different crafts and trade grew. Poland considered Khmilnyk to be an advance post of its possessions, so the town was strengthened. In 1534, the Polish king fortified the town with a stone wall with towers and a castle.
After the Brest union in 1596, oppression of the local inhabitants grew, which caused rebellions against the gentry. In 1594, Khmilnyk was captured by Cossack detachments of Severyn Nalyvajko. In 1637, the Cossacks returned with Pavlyuk as their leader. In the period of the Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1654), rebellious detachments of Khmilnyk people joined the army of Bohdan Khmelnytsky. Maksym Kryvonis captured the castle. More than once, the town was the site of battles between Cossacks and gentry armies. As a result, the town was devastated.
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Wikipedia