Khana Ratsadon
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Khana Ratsadon
Khana Ratsadon |
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1932 coup memorial peg at Dusit Palace
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| Military leader | Plaek Phibunsongkhram |
| Founded | 1927 |
| Dissolved | September 16, 1957 |
| Headquarters | Bangkok |
| Ideology |
Nationalism Militarism Populism |
| International affiliation | None |
Khana Ratsadon (Thai: คณะราษฎร; meaning "People's Party") was a Siamese group of military and civil officers, and later a political party, which staged a bloodless coup against King Prajadhipok and transformed the country's absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy on 24 June 1932.
In 1927, the Kingdom of Siam was under the absolutist rule of the House of Chakri, under King Prajadhipok, Rama VII. Under his reign, the nation experienced troubles stemming from an archaic government confronted with serious economic problems and threats from abroad, British Empire, and French Empire. The country was also experiencing a dramatic social change as the urban and middle classes of Bangkok were starting to grow, slowly demanding more rights from their government, criticizing it as ineffective. These changes were mostly led by men, civilians and military, who had graduated or travelled abroad. They wanted to transform Siam into a modern country along the lines of a Western democracy.
In February 1927, a group of seven Siamese students met at a hotel on the Rue Du Sommerard in Paris and founded what would become the Khana Ratsadon. For five days they met and argued, they were:
The revolutionaries made Pridi Panomyong their president and termed themselves the "promoters" (Thai: ผู้ก่อการ; rtgs: Phu Ko Kan). The party determined a sixfold objective which was later called the "Six Principles" (Thai: หลักหกประการ; rtgs: Lak Hok Prakan), as follows:
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