Katzrin
Katzrin
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| Hebrew transcription(s) | ||
| • ISO 259 | Qaçrin | |
| • Also spelled | Qazrin (official) Katzrin, Katsrin (unofficial) |
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 Katzrin
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| Coordinates: 32°59′31″N 35°41′28″E / 32.992°N 35.691°ECoordinates: 32°59′31″N 35°41′28″E / 32.992°N 35.691°E | ||
| District | Northern | |
| Founded | 1977 | |
| Government | ||
| • Type | Local council | |
| • Head of Municipality | Sammy Bar-Lev | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 12,214 dunams (12.214 km2 or 4.716 sq mi) | |
| Population (2015) | ||
| • Total | 6,913 | |
Katzrin (Hebrew: קַצְרִין; also Qatzrin) is an Israeli settlement organized as a local council in the Golan Heights Known as the "capital of the Golan," it is the second-largest locality there after Majdal Shams, and the largest Jewish locality. In 2015 it had a population of 6,913. It is the seat of Golan Regional Council.
The international community considers Israeli settlements in the Golan Heights illegal under international law, though the Israeli government disputes this.
To the south of Katzrin is the Sea of Galilee, to the north Mount Hermon, and to the west are the Upper Galilee hills of Israel.
The site was occupied from the Middle Bronze Age, continuing into the Iron, Hellenistic and Roman (when it was destroyed) periods. The most substantial structural remains date from the Late Roman, Byzantine and Early Islamic periods (3rd–4th to mid-8th centuries), when the site was a Jewish village with a synagogue.
The Jewish settlement served as an important trading location in the region, but started to decline with the change of trading routes after the Islamic conquest. The village was destroyed in an earthquake in CE 746–749. As a result of the earthquake the location was most probably abandoned by the declining Jewish community.
During the Mamluk period (13th–14th centuries), it was a Muslim village and a mosque was built on the ruins of the synagogue.
In the 1880s, Kisrin, as it was known then, was described as "a small Bedawin winter village, with a group of beautiful oak trees and old ruins". From the late 19th century to 1967, the village was occupied by Bedouin and a settled population. Since 1920 and until the independence of Syria in 1944, the area was under the jurdisdiction of the French Mandate.
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