Kastraki, Phocis

Kastraki (Greek: Καστράκι, before 1927: Ομέρ Εφένδη - Omer Efendi) is a village in Phocis, Greece, part of the municipal unit Efpalio. It is near the left bank of the river Mornos and 3 km from the Gulf of Corinth. It is 3 km (2 mi) west of the village Efpalio and 6 km (4 mi) northeast of the town of Nafpaktos.

Kastraki is near the site of the ancient town of Oineon in Ozolian Locris of ancient Greece. Oineon was famous for the temple of Nemean Zeus and the site of Hesiod's death. Hesiod was the second most ancient Greek poet after Homer; he lived between 750 BC and 700 BC. He was born in Ascra of Boeotia and is known as the father of the didactic epic. He spent a good part of his life in Hesperia Locris that inspired him to write his epics. According to the story while Hesiod was a guest at the place of the Nafpaktian priest Ganyctora he insulted his daughter. Her brothers Ktimenos and Antifos killed him in the temple of Nemean Zeus where he asked for asylum. He was buried in all likelihood in Oineon or, as others claim, in Nafpaktos.

Although there is not absolute certainty, many believe that the temple of Nemean Zeus was located where the Orthodox church of Panagia Faneromene is today by the national road and the intersection of the Hiliadou provincial road. In fact, the temple was converted into a Christian church when people of the area accepted Christianity as their new religion. However, others think that the temple was 3 km (2 mi)-4 km (2 mi) east, not west, of Efpalio in the village of New Koukoura where today the church of Analypsis is built.

In the history of ancient Greece, Oineon is referred to in 426 BC when the Athenian General Demosthenes with 30 ships sailed to Locris and camped in Oineon. His plans were to bring under the Athenian authority Aitolea and eventually the all areas of Locris and Phokis. In spite some early military success, his gradual but continuous losses of his hoplites forced him to make a treaty with the Aeolians and retreat back at Oineon and Nafpaktos with the remnants of his army. While his remaining army sailed back to Athens, Demosthenes remained in the vicinity of Nafpaktos fearing a punishment by the state of Athens for his failure.

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