Karl Philipp von Wrede
| Carl, Prince von Wrede | |
|---|---|
Karl Philipp von Wrede lithograph, 1828
|
|
| Born |
29 April 1767 Heidelberg, Electorate of Bavaria |
| Died | 12 December 1838 (aged 71) Ellingen, Kingdom of Bavaria |
| Allegiance |
 Electorate of Bavaria Kingdom of Bavaria
|
| Service/branch | Bavarian Army |
| Years of service | 1793–1838 |
| Rank | Generalfeldmarschall |
| Commands held | 2nd Bavarian Division |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards |
Military Order of Max Joseph Military William Order Order of St. George Order of the Bath |
Karl (or Carl) Philipp Josef, Prince von Wrede (German: [ˈvʀeːdə]; 29 April 1767 – 12 December 1838) was a Bavarian field marshal. He was an ally of Napoleonic France until he negotiated the Treaty of Ried with Austria in 1813. Thereafter Bavaria joined the coalition.
Von Wrede was born at Heidelberg, the youngest of three children of Ferdinand Josef Wrede (1722 – 1793), created in 1791 1st Baron von Wrede, and wife, married on 21 March 1746, Anna Katharina Jünger (1729 – 1804), by whom he had two more children: Baroness Luise von Wrede (23 September 1748 - 9 February 1794), married to Philipp, Baron von Horn (d. 1834); and Baron Georg von Wrede (8 December 1765 - 3 April 1843), married on 17 January 1808 to Julie Zarka de Lukafalva (1781 - Osen, 1 August 1847), by whom he had issue.
He was educated for the career of a civil official under the Electorate of the Palatinate government, but on the outbreak of the campaign of 1799 he raised a volunteer corps in the Palatinate and was made its colonel. This corps excited the mirth of the well-drilled Austrians with whom it served, but its colonel soon brought it into a good condition, and it distinguished itself during Kray's retreat on Ulm. At the Battle of Hohenlinden Wrede commanded one of the Palatinate infantry brigades with credit, and after the peace of Lunéville he was made lieutenant-general in the Bavarian Army, which was entering upon a period of reforms. Wrede soon made himself very popular, and distinguished himself in opposing the Austrian invasions of 1805.
In the War of the Fifth Coalition, he led the 2nd Bavarian Division in the VII Corps. He played an important part in the Battle of Abensberg on 20 April 1809. In the morning, he probed Joseph Radetzky's Austrian defense at Siegenburg. Unable to make headway, he marched his division north to Biburg and crossed the Abens River. From Biburg, he moved on Kirchdorf and attacked Frederick Bianchi's reinforced brigade. When the Austrians retreated, Wrede aggressively pursued them to Pfeffenhausen late that evening. He led the advance from Pfeffenhausen and was involved in the Battle of Landshut on 21 April, capturing 11 cannon. On 24 April, his division was defeated at the Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit when Johann von Hiller counterattacked in superior force. After occupying Salzburg on 29 April, Wrede moved southwest against the Tyrolean Rebellion. He pushed back Tyrolean irregulars at Lofer on 11 May and defeated Franz Fenner's mixed regulars and Tyroleans at Waidring the next day. On 13 May, he played a major part in crushing the division of Johann Gabriel Chasteler de Courcelles in the Battle of Wörgl.
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