Karl Fiehler
Karl Fiehler (second row, bright uniform, between Neville Chamberlain and Joachim von Ribbentrop) at the Munich Agreement 1938
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| Mayor of Munich | |
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In office 1933–1945 |
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| Preceded by | Karl Scharnagl |
| Succeeded by | Karl Scharnagl |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
31 August 1895 Braunschweig, German Empire |
| Died | 8 December 1969 (aged 74) Dießen am Ammersee, Bavaria, West Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Political party | NSDAP |
| Occupation | Merchant |
Karl Fiehler (31 August 1895 – 8 December 1969) was a German politician of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) and Mayor of Munich from 1933 until 1945.
Fiehler was born in Braunschweig, German Empire. As a child, he attended a secondary modern school in Munich and afterwards he began a merchant apprenticeship, which he continued in Schleswig-Holstein in 1914. Fiehler served in World War I and was decorated with the Iron Cross, second class. In 1919 he entered the local government of the City of Munich as an administration trainee and in 1922 successfully passed the examination for the administrative and clerical grade.
By 1920 he had already joined the Nazi-Party with the membership number 37. In 1923, by now a convinced National Socialist, Karl Fiehler became a member of the "Stoßtrupp Hitler" (English: Shock Troop-Hitler), that had been established to protect the Führer from encroachments of the party-owned Sturmabteilung (SA). On 8 and 9 November 1923 he participated actively in the failed Beer Hall Putsch. For his participation Fiehler was sentenced to 15 months confinement in Landsberg fortress.
From 1924 until 1933 he was an honorary alderman and in 1929 he outlined the principles of Nazi local politics in his 80-page booklet "National Socialist Municipal Policy", printed by the Munich publishing house "Franz-Eher-Verlag", which was the central party publisher of the NSDAP. During the 1930s he published on several occasions concerning local politics in Germany from a National Socialist point of view.
Fiehler, who—as a Nazi of the first hour—was not only allowed to call himself proudly "Alter Kämpfer" (English: Old Combatant), which meant members who had joined the Party before the Nazi takeover on 30 January 1933, but could also call himself one of the "Alte Garde" (English: Old Guard) pre-eminent in the hierarchy as (party members with membership numbers under 100,000) and climbed the party career ladder rapidly. From 1927 until 1930 he was Ortsgruppenleiter (English: Local Chapter Leader) of the Nazi Party in Munich.
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